Nanoscale ferromagnet-superconductor-ferromagnet switches controlled by magnetization orientation

Halterman, Klaus; Valls, Oriol T.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.72.060514

Cited by 28 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Of particular interest is that the thermodynamic and transport properties of FSF trilayers are found to depend strongly on the relative orientation of the magnetization in the two F layers. 5,6,7,8 This rather well-understood 9,10,11,12 fact makes these structures candidates as spin valves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced triplet pairing in cleans-wave superconductor/ferromagnet layered structures

2008

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We study induced triplet pairing correlations in clean ferromagnet/superconductor/ferromagnet heterostructures. The pairing state in the superconductor is the conventional singlet s-wave, and the angle α between the magnetizations of the two ferromagnetic layers is arbitrary. We use a numerical fully self-consistent solution of the microscopic equations and obtain the time-dependent triplet correlations via the Heisenberg equations of motion. We find that in addition to the usual singlet correlations, triplet correlations, odd in time as required by the Pauli principle, are induced in both the ferromagnets and the superconductor. These time-dependent correlations are largest at times of order of the inverse of the Debye cutoff frequency, ωD, and we find that within that time scale they are often spatially very long ranged. We discuss the behavior of the characteristic penetration lengths that describe these triplet correlations. We also find that the ferromagnets can locally magnetize the superconductor near the interface, and that the local magnetization then undergoes strongly damped oscillations. The local density of states exhibits a variety of energy signatures, which we discuss, as a function of ferromagnetic strength and α.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced triplet pairing in cleans-wave superconductor/ferromagnet layered structures

2008

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“…Interesting effects that arise from the interplay between these orderings have potential technological applications in fields such as spintronics [3]. For example, the relative orientation of the magnetizations in the F layers in FSF trilayers can have a strong influence on the conductivity [4,5,6,7,8], making them good spin valve candidates. Such trilayers were first proposed [9] for insulating F layers and later for metallic [10,11] ones.…”

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confidence: 99%

Odd Triplet Pairing in Clean Superconductor/Ferromagnet Heterostructures

2007

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We study triplet pairing correlations in clean Ferromagnet (F)/Superconductor (S) nanojunctions, via fully self consistent solution of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations. We consider FSF trilayers, with S being an s-wave superconductor, and an arbitrary angle α between the magnetizations of the two F layers. We find that contrary to some previous expectations, triplet correlations, odd in time, are induced in both the S and F layers in the clean limit. We investigate their behavior as a function of time, position, and α. The triplet amplitudes are largest at times on the order of the inverse "Debye" frequency, and at that time scale they are long ranged in both S and F. The zero temperature condensation energy is found to be lowest when the magnetizations are antiparallel.PACS numbers: 74.45.+c, 74.25.Bt, 74.78.Fk The proximity effects in superconductor/ferromagnet (SF) heterostructures lead to the coexistence of ferromagnetic and superconducting ordering and to novel transport phenomena [1,2]. Interesting effects that arise from the interplay between these orderings have potential technological applications in fields such as spintronics [3]. For example, the relative orientation of the magnetizations in the F layers in FSF trilayers can have a strong influence on the conductivity [4,5,6,7,8], making them good spin valve candidates. Such trilayers were first proposed[9] for insulating F layers and later for metallic [10,11] ones. This interplay also results in fundamental new physics. An outstanding example is the existence of "odd" triplet superconductivity. This is an s-wave pairing triplet state that is even in momentum, and therefore not destroyed by nonmagnetic impurities, but with the triplet correlations being odd in frequency, so that the equal time triplet amplitudes vanish as required by the Pauli principle. This exotic pairing state with total spin one was proposed long ago [12] as a possible state in superfluid 3 He. Although this type of pairing does not occur there, it is possible in certain FSF systems [1,2,13,14] with ordinary singlet pairing in S. This arrangement can induce, via proximity effects, triplet correlations with m = 0 and m = ±1 projections of the total spin. If the magnetization orientations in both F layers are unidirectional and along the quantization axis, symmetry arguments show that only the m = 0 projection along that axis can exist.Odd triplet pairing in F/S structures has been studied in the dirty limit through linearized Usadel-type quasiclassical equations [2,13,14,15]. In this case, it was found that m = 0 triplet pairs always exist. They are suppressed in F over short length scales, just as the singlet pairs. The m = ±1 components, for which the exchange field is not pair-breaking, can be long ranged, and were found to exist for nonhomogeneous magnetization. For FSF trilayers [2,16,17], the quasiclassical methods predict that the structure contains a superposition of all three spin triplet projections except when the magnetizations of the F layers are collinear, in wh...

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“…Particularly, the magnetization directions in the FSF structures are in either parallel (P) or anti-parallel (AP) alignment to compare the result. This point is interesting because some calculations show that the AP alignment can favor and play a crucial role in superconductivity [28].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Asymmetric interfacial scattering effect on tunneling conductance of ferromagnet/superconductor/ferromagnet junctions

Pasanai

2015

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

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Nanoscale ferromagnet-superconductor-ferromagnet switches controlled by magnetization orientation

Cited by 28 publications

References 26 publications

Induced triplet pairing in cleans-wave superconductor/ferromagnet layered structures

Induced triplet pairing in cleans-wave superconductor/ferromagnet layered structures

Odd Triplet Pairing in Clean Superconductor/Ferromagnet Heterostructures

Asymmetric interfacial scattering effect on tunneling conductance of ferromagnet/superconductor/ferromagnet junctions

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