Nanoscale photonic crystal sensor arrays on monolithic substrates using side-coupled resonant cavity arrays

Abstract

We present nanoscale photonic crystal sensor arrays (NPhCSAs) on monolithic substrates. The NPhCSAs can be used as an opto-fluidic architecture for performing highly parallel, label-free detection of biochemical interactions in aqueous environments. The architecture consists of arrays of lattice-shifted resonant cavities side-coupled to a single PhC waveguide. Each resonant cavity has slightly different cavity spacing and is shown to independently shift its resonant peak (a single and narrow drop) in response to the changes in refractive index. The extinction ratio of well-defined single drop exceeds 20 dB. With three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (3D-FDTD) technique, we demonstrate that the refractive index sensitivity of 115.60 nm/RIU (refractive index unit) is achieved and a refractive index detection limit is approximately of 8.65×10-5 for this device. In addition, the sensitivity can be adjusted from 84.39 nm/RIU to 161.25 nm/RIU by changing the number of functionalized holes.

High sensitive photonic crystal multiplexed biosensor array using H0 sandwiched cavities

“…The calculated Q factors of the three peaks are equal to 44360, 28710 and 25029 respectively. These values showed an improvement in respect to other reports [17][18][19]21]. …”

“…Examples of such systems include that of Mandal et al [16] who have firstly proposed a nanoscale optofluidic sensor array based on 1D PhC silicon waveguide for label-free detection of biomolecular interactions in aqueous environments. Yang et al [17] who have demonstrated a nanoscale PhC sensor array on monolithic substrates using a sidecoupled resonant cavity. Olyaee et al [18] have also demonstrated a sensor array based on side coupled H1 cavities to PhC waveguide where sensitivity of 165.45nm/RIU was obtained.…”

Waveguiding and bending modes in a plasma photonic crystal bandgap device

“…We show, through simulations and experiments, the existence of transverse electric (TE) mode waveguiding and bending modes. C 2016 Author(s Methods proposed for the continuous active tuning or reconfiguring of photonic crystal (PC) structures have included the use of thermal, 1 optofluidic, 2 and gaseous plasma 3 elements. To our knowledge, reconfigurability of a PC with microsecond response capabilities has not been demonstrated.…”

“…The simulations were completed using the first order basis function solver with a convergence criteria for the maximum change in S parameters between adaptive passes set at 1 percent. The computed E-field maps of the crystal were generated for all configurations to better understand how the PC interacts with the incident EM waves (see Figs (2) and (3)). At frequencies near the center of the bandgap (5.12 GHz) the signal is strongly attenuated and has a decay length of approximately two lattice constants, as seen in Fig.…”

Stretchable photonic crystal design

“…Light can then be guided by Bragg reflection from the surrounding PC along one or more straight, curved or intersecting line defects generated, for example by omitting cells of the periodic structure, changing the refractive index or deforming the unit cell geometry (Augustin et al 2006;Yang et al 2011;Gan and Li 2012). In a similar fashion, surrounding a point defect with a PC creates a resonator (Eichenfield et al 2009;Vignolini et al 2008).…”