Nanoscience of Gold and Gold Surfaces

Cortie, Michael B.; McDonagh, Andrew M.

doi:10.1002/9783527626724.ch7

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…54 For several decades, hydrides of gold in its various oxidation states have also been the subject of quantum chemical calculations. [10][11][12][13][14][15] 2.1 Gold(I) hydride Au-H and its dihydrogen adducts…”

Section: Gold Hydridesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,9 These molecules with simple formulae like AuH or AuH 3 were also the prime subject of quantum chemical calculations which gave an idea of some basic thermodynamic and structural characteristics, for which relativistic effects were recognized to be particularly relevant. [10][11][12][13][14] Surface chemistry of gold did not contribute much to the understanding of the bonding of hydrogen to gold metal, [15][16][17][18] because a pristine surface of bulk pure gold with a minimum of defects does not show any affinity to gaseous molecular hydrogen (H 2 ). Chemisorption of hydrogen is only observed when there is a significant number of active centers present on surfaces or on similarly activated gold (nano)particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The gold–hydrogen bond, Au–H, and the hydrogen bond to gold, Au⋯H–X

2014

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In the first part of this review, the characteristics of Au-H bonds in gold hydrides are reviewed including the data of recently prepared stable organometallic complexes with gold(I) and gold(III) centers. In the second part, the reports are summarized where authors have tried to provide evidence for hydrogen bonds to gold of the type Au∙∙∙H-X. Such interactions have been proposed for gold atoms in the Au(-I), Au(0), Au(I), and Au(III) oxidation states as hydrogen bonding acceptors and H-X units with X = O, N, C as donors, based on both experimental and quantum chemistry studies. To complement these findings, the literature was screened for examples with similar molecular geometries, for which such bonding has not yet been considered. In the discussion of the results, the recently issued IUPAC definitions of hydrogen bonding and the currently accepted description of agostic interactions have been used as guidelines to rank the Au∙∙∙H-X interactions in this broad range of weak chemical bonding. From the available data it appears that all the intra- and intermolecular Au∙∙∙H-X contacts are associated with very low binding energies and non-specific directionality. To date, the energetics have not been estimated, because there are no thermochemical and very limited IR/Raman and temperature-dependent NMR data that can be used as reliable references. Where conspicuous structural or spectroscopic effects have been observed, explanations other than hydrogen bonding Au∙∙∙H-X can also be advanced in most cases. Although numerous examples of short Au∙∙∙H-X contacts exist in the literature, it seems, at this stage, that these probably make only very minor contributions to the energy of a given system and have only a marginal influence on molecular conformations which so far have most often attracted researchers to this topic. Further, more dedicated investigations will be necessary before well founded conclusions can be drawn.

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Section: Gold Hydridesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gold–hydrogen bond, Au–H, and the hydrogen bond to gold, Au⋯H–X

2014

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“…Gold occupies a unique position among the elements of the periodic table, and its chemical stability, the useful surface chemistry of the materials it generates, and its distinctive optical properties, have made gold an extremely attractive metal to employ in a variety of technologies. − This is especially true for nanotechnology as a consequence of these unique properties, as it is easier to work with gold at the nanoscale than with any other metal. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Gold Nanoparticles as Additives in Protein Crystallization

Ribeiro

Kulakova

Quaresma

et al. 2013

Crystal Growth & Design

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Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) exhibit unique properties that have made them a very attractive material for application in biological assays. Given the potentially interesting interactions between AuNPs and biological macromolecules, we investigated AuNPs-induced protein crystal growth. Differently functionalized AuNPs were tested as additives in cocrystallization studies with model proteins (hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL), ribonuclease A (RNase A), and proteinase K) as well as with case studies where there were problems in obtaining well-diffracting crystals. Trials were performed considering different crystallization drawbacks, from total absence of crystals to improvement of crystal morphology, size, twinning, and number of crystals per drop. Improvement of some of these factors was observed in the cases of HEWL, RNase A, phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), myoglobin, native aldehyde oxidase (AOH), and human albumin. In these proteins, the presence of the AuNPs promoted an increase in the size and/or better crystal morphology. From the systematic trials and subsequent observations, it can be concluded that the introduction of AuNPs should definitely be considered in crystal optimization trials to improve previously determined crystallization conditions.

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