Nanosphere Lithography:  Tunable Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectra of Silver Nanoparticles

Jensen, Traci R.; Malinsky, Michelle Duval; Haynes, Christy L.; Duyne, Richard P. Van

doi:10.1021/jp002435e

Cited by 1,225 publications

(944 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…[7][8] Until now, the field of colloidal lithography has remained very active and increasingly complex structures have been-and are continued to be prepared in nanoscale dimensions, ranging from rings, discs and crescent-shaped particles to bowls, wells, or needles. [9][10] A plethora of applications have been demonstrated for colloidal lithography-based structure arrays that exploit different properties inherent to the process.…”

Section: General Procedures 212 62 Materials 215 63 Experimental Dementioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Patterning with Colloidal Monolayers

Vogel

2012

Springer Theses

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This thesis focuses on the controlled assembly of monodisperse polymer colloids into ordered two-dimensional arrangements. These assemblies, commonly referred to as colloidal monolayers, are subsequently used as masks for the generation of arrays of complex metal nanostructures on solid substrates.The motivation of the research presented here is twofold. First, monolayer crystallization methods were developed to simplify the assembly of colloids and to produce more complex arrangements of colloids in a precise way. Second, various approaches to colloidal lithography are designed with the aim to include novel features or functions to arrays of metal nanostructures.The air/water interface was exploited for the crystallization of colloidal monolayer architectures as it combines a two-dimensional confinement with a high lateral mobility of the colloids that is beneficial for the creation of high long range order. A direct assembly of colloids is presented that provides a cheap, fast and conceptually simple methodology for the preparation of ordered colloidal monolayers. The produced two-dimensional crystals can be transformed into nonclose-packed architectures by a plasma-induced size reduction step, thus providing valuable masks for more sophisticated lithographic processes. Finally, the controlled co-assembly of binary colloidal crystals with defined stoichiometries on a Langmuir trough is introduced and characterized with respect to accessible configurations and size ratios.Several approaches to lithography are presented that aim at introducing different features to colloidal lithography. First, using metal-complex containing latex particles, the synthesis of which is described as well, symmetric arrays of metal nanoparticles can be created by controlled combustion of the organic material of the colloids. The process does not feature an inherent limit in nanoparticle size and is able to produce complex materials as will be demonstrated for FePt alloy particles. Precise control over both size and spacing of the particle array is presented.Second, two lithographic processes are introduced to create sophisticated nanoparticle dimer units consisting of two crescent shaped nanostructures in close proximity; essentially by using a single colloid as mask to generate two structures simultaneously. Strong coupling processes of the parental plasmon resonances of the two objects are observed that are accompanied by high near-field enhancements. A plasmon hybridization model is elaborated to explain all polarization dependent shifts of the resonance positions. Last, a technique to produce laterally patterned, ultra-flat substrates without surface topographies by embedding gold nanoparticles in a silicon dioxide matrix is applied to construct robust and re-usable sensing architectures and to introduce an approach for the nanoscale patterning of solid supported lipid bilayer membranes.

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Section: General Procedures 212 62 Materials 215 63 Experimental Dementioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Patterning with Colloidal Monolayers

Vogel

2012

Springer Theses

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“…This is in agreement with theoretical calculations for these triangle-shaped silver nanoparticles, 31 as well as with previous experimental observations. 33 This effect provides a means to tune the LSPR wavelength to the desired operating band. In this paper, we exploit it to make the dominant resonance (peak 1) overlap with the 1064 nm laser wavelength used in the SHG experiments described below.…”

Section: Nano Lettersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmon-Enhanced Second-Harmonic Generation from Ionic Self-Assembled Multilayer Films

et al. 2006

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We have demonstrated large enhancements of the effective second-order nonlinear susceptibility ( (2) ) of ionic self-assembled multilayer (ISAM) films, causing a film with just 3 bilayers to be optically equivalent to a 700−1000 bilayer film. This was accomplished by using nanosphere lithography to deposit silver nanoparticles on the ISAM film, tuning the geometry of the particles to make their plasmonic resonances overlap the frequency of optical excitation. An enhancement in the efficiency of second harmonic generation (SHG) by as much as 1600 times was observed. Even though this is already a large value, we suggest that further refinements of the techniques are expected to lead to additional enhancements of similar or larger magnitude.Second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) materials are at the heart of telecommunications devices such as electro-optic modulators and optical switches, and in lasers such as highpower green and blue solid-state lasers and optical parametric amplifiers.Conventional NLO materials generally consist of inorganic crystals such as KTP, LiTaO 3 , and LiNbO 3 . 1 While they are quite efficient, high-quality crystals of sufficient size are expensive and difficult to manufacture. Organic NLO materials provide an alternative with the potential to provide high nonlinear susceptibilities in an economical fabrication process. 2 NLO materials based on ionic self-assembled multilayer (ISAM) films are particularly promising because of the ease of tailoring noncentrosymmetric structures and the long-term stability. [3][4][5] These films are made by alternately immersing a substrate in two solutions, containing a polycation and a polyanion, respectively. If the substrate initially carries negative surface charges, dipping in the polycation solution will result in a nanoscale polymer layer selfassembled on the substrate, yielding a positively charged substrate. Subsequent dipping in the polyanion solution results in a second layer of the polyanion formed on top of the first layer. The process can be repeated as many times as desired, building up films to arbitrary thickness with nanoscale precision. ISAM films may have substantial (2) values, comparable to that of lithium niobate. 5 Various methods have been suggested to improve the effective (2) of these films by modifying their composition. 6,7 Here, we demonstrate a new approach to enhance the second-order NLO susceptibility by creating hybrid structures from ISAM films and noble metal nanoparticles. Nanoparticles made from noble metals such as silver or gold have recently attracted considerable attention due to their unusual optical properties which enable light to be controlled in unique new ways. [8][9][10] The interaction of light with the free electrons in such particles gives rise to collective oscillations of the conduction electrons at optical frequencies, known as localized surface plasmons resonances (LSPRs). When excited in this fashion, the particles act as nanoscale antennas, concentrating the electromagnetic (E-M) field into v...

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“…Nanosphere lithography (NSL) [13,14], a physical technique, gives good control over shape, size and interparticle spacing but requires sophisticated instruments and is not amenable to scale up. Photoinduced growth [15][16][17], first reported by Jin et al [15], has proved successful in the synthesis of triangular Ag nanoplates (TNPs) and has been extended to the preparation of hexagonal Ag nanoplates (HNPs) [18] or round Ag nanoplates [19] by transformation of Ag TNPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%