Nanostructured niobium oxyhydroxide dispersed Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) films: Highly efficient photocatalysts for degradation methylene blue dye

Evaluation of the mechanical and thermal properties of PHB/canola oil films

“…PHB has the following characteristic bands: 1720-1650 cm −1 corresponding to the carbonyl stretching vibrations of ester groups of the polymer; 1460-1380 cm −1 corresponding to asymmetric stretching and CH 2 groups; 1300-1100 cm -1 corresponding to symmetric and asymmetric stretching of the COC group; 1274 and 1226 cm −1 corresponding to crystalline phase of polymer; and 1261 and 1180 cm −1 corresponding to amorphous phase of the polymer [24] . Canola oil has the following characteristic bands: 3012 cm -1 correspond to the C-H stretching vibration; 2920 and 2854 cm -1 corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibration of the aliphatic CH 2 group, respectively; 1739 cm -1 corresponding to the ester carbonyl functional group of triglycerides; 1457 cm −1 corresponding to the bending vibrations of the CH 2 and CH 3 aliphatic groups; 1378 cm −1 corresponding to the bending vibrations of CH 2 groups; 1244 and 1165 cm −1 corresponding to the stretching vibration of the C-O ester groups; and 713 cm −1 corresponding to the overlap of the CH 2 rocking vibration and the out-of-plane vibration of cis-disubstituted olefins [25] .…”

Status quo and sector readiness for (bio)plastic food and beverage packaging in the 4IR

“…For example, studies have demonstrated that: (1) the rate of hydrolysis of PLA and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) can be expedited at higher temperatures and/or pH 38,39 , (2) the degradation of PP, HDPE, and LDPE can be promoted by pre-treatment at 80 °C40 , (3) clay additives promote diffusion of water into PLA/clay nanocomposites, thereby enhancing PLA degradation rates 41 , (4) addition of 50% ethanol can accelerate PLA hydrolysis 42 , (5) nanomaterials such as zinc oxide (ZnO) can be used as natural catalysts to enhance the degradation of polymers 43 , and (6) photosensitive polymer additives such as titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and ZnO can accelerate photolytic activity associated with light wavelengths from 200 nm to 700 nm [e.g. the photolysis of polybutylene succinate (PBS) by addition of TiO 2 nanoparticles) 44 .…”

Niobium Oxide Catalysts as Emerging Material for Textile Wastewater Reuse: Photocatalytic Decolorization of Azo Dyes

“…Additionally, a band can be observed at 1622 cm −1 that is related to the water adsorbed on the surface of Nb 2 O 5 [8,28], and a small band can be observed at 1531 cm −1 that is usually associated with impurities from the precursor salt of niobium. These impurities in the precursor are considered to be beneficial in the literature, since they act as stabilizers of the niobium oxide catalyst [29,30]. The FTIR spectrum of Nb2O5 in Figure 2 depicts the characteristic bands of niobium oxides: one shoulder at 900 cm −1 is attributed to the stretch Nb-O and the bands at 661 and 600 cm −1 are attributed to the angular vibration Nb-O-Nb [27].…”