Nanostructured WC/Co composite powder prepared by high energy ball milling

Zhang, F.L.; Wang, C.Y.; Zhu, Min

doi:10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.08.009

Cited by 169 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…1,[4][5][6][7][8] High energy mechanical milling and mechanochemical processes are, on the other hand, considered as simple and cost-effective techniques employed for preparation of nano-sized and nonocrystalline materials which can induce chemical reactions that do not normally happen at room temperature. [9][10][11][12] Mechanochamical reactions have been the subject of investigations on displacement reactions between metal compounds and a reducing metal. [13][14][15] The effect of milling atmosphere on nature of the nal phases and kinetics of amorphization is studied by a number of researchers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of ZnO/Ni0.6Zn0.4O Mixture Using Mechanical Milling of Zn-NiO

2016

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Mixtures of Zn-NiO with stoichiometric compositions were milled for different times in open-valve milling cups. Although the gradual reduction of nickel oxide with zinc occurred during one hour of milling, it was found that nanometric mixtures of ZnO and Ni 0.6 Zn 0.4 O appear after 72000 seconds (20 hrs) of milling with the crystallite size of Ni 0.6 Zn 0.4 O phase being about 22 nm. On the other hand, and under the ow of argon gas, narrow and intense peaks of ZnO and Ni 0.6 Zn 0.4 O were observed after isothermal heating of 1800 seconds milled samples at 1273 K. Electron microscopy observations and elemental analysis of the products con rm formation of ZnO nano-needles distributed in the nickel zinc oxide matrix.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of ZnO/Ni0.6Zn0.4O Mixture Using Mechanical Milling of Zn-NiO

2016

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“…Nanocrystalline cemented carbide with ultrafine grain has become one of the hottest research areas of the present time [7]. Spray conversion [8][9][10][11][12], mechanical ball milling [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], chemical vapor phase reaction synthesis [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] and plasma processing technique [31][32] are the basic techniques used to synthesize nano-WC/WC-Co composite [8]. The shortcomings of all these techniques are that they involve high temperature synthesis process.…”

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confidence: 99%

Reduction of WO3 to WC nanoparticles by the reflux reaction

Kumar

Singh

et al. 2013

Mater Sci

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WC is an important material mostly used for cutting tool application. Reduction of WO 3 to WC is being done by several techniques. The existing chemical processes involved in its reduction are long and energy consuming. In this work efforts have been made to reduce WO 3 to WC by reflux reaction technique. The composite obtained after reflux reaction has been analyzed to see the feasibility of the conversion of WO 3 to WC. The preliminary study exhibited the feasibility of conversion of WO 3 to WC. The technique seems to be promising one and cost effective for low temperature synthesis of ultrafine WC particles. The synthesized powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-rays, and transmission electron microscopy for phase identification and micro structural analysis. Keywords: tungsten carbide; transmission electron microscopy; nanoparticles.Cemented Tungsten carbide (WC) is an important material for cutting tool industry [1-3]. The particle size of WC has remarkable effect on the hardness and other mechanical properties of material. As the size is reduced, a large fraction of atoms may lie at the grain boundaries which may contribute to the enhancement in material toughness. Substances of small grain size are known to have a strong influence on the mechanical properties of materials [4][5][6]. Nanocrystalline cemented carbide with ultrafine grain has become one of the hottest research areas of the present time [7]. Spray conversion [8][9][10][11][12], mechanical ball milling [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], chemical vapor phase reaction synthesis [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] and plasma processing technique [31][32] are the basic techniques used to synthesize nano-WC/WC-Co composite [8]. The shortcomings of all these techniques are that they involve high temperature synthesis process. The present work is an effort to synthesize ultrafine WC particles by chemical vapor phase reflux reaction. The method is simple and efficient to obtain nanopowders of mixed oxides or metal composite. Basically this process consists of vaporizing and condensation of a carbon source through refluxing action which allows the reaction to proceed where carbon engulf the precursor WO 3 powder to convert it into the nanosized WC. The idea behind this work is to find the feasibility of WC nanopowder synthesis at lower temperature where synthesis can be made easy.Experimental. Chemicals. The powders of tungsten oxide (WO 3 ) and magnesium (Mg) were used as initial ingredients. The average particle size and purity of both ingredients were 20 µm, 99.9%, and 178 µm, 98% respectively. Magnesium powder was selected as a reducing agent. Apart from this, glycerol (99.9%) was used as a carbon source in the present study. All the chemicals were used in as received condition without further purification.Methodology. Experiments were performed in a round bottom flask (1000 ml) fitted with chilled water cooled condenser which allows the liquid to condense during

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“…It should be recalled that the measured temperatures are those of the surface of the die and are, therefore, likely to be different than the values in the middle of the sample. Thus, the onset of the reaction to form the composite (and the concomitant rapid shrinkage) may be at a higher temperature than the observed value of 950°C The average grain sizes of TaSi 2 and Si 3 N 4 calculated by the Stoke-Wilson's formula [29] were about 80 and 60 nm. The Si 3 N 4 particles were well distributed in matrix, as can bee seen from the SEM image, Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Vickers hardness was measured by performing indentations at a load of 10 kg and a dwell time of 15 s. milled powder is greater than that of the raw powders due to internal strain and grain size reduction. The grain size and the internal strain can be calculated by Stoke and Wilson's formula [29],…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One step synthesis and densification of nanocrystalline TaSi2–Si3N4 composite from mechanically activated powders by high-frequency induction-heated combustion

Park

Yoon

et al. 2008

J Electroceram

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Dense nanocrystalline 4TaSi 2 -Si 3 N 4 composite was synthesized by high-frequency induction-heated combustion synthesis (HFIHCS) method within 1 min in one step from mechanically activated powders of TaN and Si. Simultaneous combustion synthesis and densification were accomplished under the combined effects of an induced current and mechanical pressure. Highly dense 4TaSi 2 -Si 3 N 4 composite with relative density of up to 99% was produced under simultaneous application of a 60 MPa pressure and the induced current. The average grain size and mechanical properties (hardness and fracture toughness) of the composite were investigated.

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Nanostructured WC/Co composite powder prepared by high energy ball milling

Cited by 169 publications

References 13 publications

Formation of ZnO/Ni<sub>0.6</sub>Zn<sub>0.4</sub>O Mixture Using Mechanical Milling of Zn-NiO

Formation of ZnO/Ni<sub>0.6</sub>Zn<sub>0.4</sub>O Mixture Using Mechanical Milling of Zn-NiO

Reduction of WO3 to WC nanoparticles by the reflux reaction

One step synthesis and densification of nanocrystalline TaSi2–Si3N4 composite from mechanically activated powders by high-frequency induction-heated combustion

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