Nanostructured Zn-based composite anodes for rechargeable Li-ion batteries

Hwa, Yoon; Sung, Ji Hyun; Wang, Bin; Park, Cheol‐Min; Sohn, Hun‐Joon

doi:10.1039/c2jm31776a

Cited by 92 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…As shown in Figure S1 (Supporting Information), pure Zn undergoes several phase transformations during Li insertion and extraction. Indeed, as very well documented in the previous literature too, [31] versus Li/Li + during the first lithiation. Differently, Cu 20 Zn 80 does not show evident phase transformation, neither during Li uptake nor release.…”

Section: Electrochemical Behavior and In Situ Structural Characterizamentioning

confidence: 51%

“…Furthermore, a current increase can be observed at around 0.45 V, suggesting enhanced contribution from the alloying mechanism, with the formation of the LiZn 4 phase, which appears to be "activated" upon cycling. [31] The increasing contribution of the alloying mechanism with cycling is confirmed upon oxidation, where a series of peaks at 0.26, 0.47, 0.53, 0.59, and 0.68 V, typical of the multistep dealloying of LiZn to Zn, become more evident. Interestingly, the conversion mechanism appears also highly reversible, with the broad peaks at 1.31 and 1.44 V experiencing just a slight decrease in intensity upon ten consecutive sweeps.…”

Section: Preparation Of Porous Cu-zn Layersmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Upon the following oxidation, a broad peak centered at 0.47 V, with two small shoulders at 0.28 and 0.65 V, suggests the dealloying mechanism of Cu 20 Zn 80 to be different from both pure Zn and ZnO. [30,31] The well-documented multistep delithiation of LiZn [3,31] is indeed not as evident from the cyclic voltammetry. As the sweep further proceeds in anodic direction, a broad peak evolves above 1 V. This, which seems to result from the overlapping of two redox processes occurring, respectively, at 1.31 and 1.44 V, can be ascribed to the reversible conversion of Zn and Li 2 O back to ZnO, as previously reported in literature.…”

Section: Preparation Of Porous Cu-zn Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, it was proposed that upon alloying the phase transformations are too fast to detect the different compositions. [31] The reflection at ≈42° evolves in a slightly different manner instead, with an overall decrease in intensity. This could result from the disappearance of Li 2 Zn 3 and LiZn 4 , both having reflections in the range 41°-42.5°.…”

Section: Electrochemical Behavior and In Situ Structural Characterizamentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D Porous Cu–Zn Alloys as Alternative Anode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries with Superior Low T Performance

Varzi

Mattarozzi

Cattarin

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

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Zinc is recently gaining interest in the battery community as potential alternative anode material, because of its large natural abundance and potentially larger volumetric density than graphite. Nevertheless, pure Zn anodes have shown so far very poor cycling performance. Here, the electrochemical performance of Zn‐rich porous Cu–Zn alloys electrodeposited by an environmentally friendly (aqueous) dynamic hydrogen bubble template method is reported. The lithiation/delithiation mechanism is studied in detail by both in situ and ex situ X‐ray diffraction, indicating the reversible displacement of Zn from the Cu–Zn alloy upon reaction with Li. The influence of the alloy composition on the performance of carbon‐ and binder‐free electrodes is also investigated. The optimal Cu:Zn atomic ratio is found to be 18:82, which provides impressive rate capability up to 10 A g−1 (≈30C), and promising capacity retention upon more than 500 cycles. The high electronic conductivity provided by Cu, and the porous electrode morphology also enable superior lithium storage capability at low temperature. Cu18Zn82 can indeed steadily deliver ≈200 mAh g−1 at −20 °C, whereas an analogous commercial graphite electrode rapidly fades to only 12 mAh g−1.

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Section: Electrochemical Behavior and In Situ Structural Characterizamentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Preparation Of Porous Cu-zn Layersmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Preparation Of Porous Cu-zn Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrochemical Behavior and In Situ Structural Characterizamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

3D Porous Cu–Zn Alloys as Alternative Anode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries with Superior Low T Performance

Varzi

Mattarozzi

Cattarin

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…[186,187] Alternatively, Zn anode can deliver a much higher capacity of 820 mA h g −1 for Zn 2+ based battery reactions. Featuring other promising properties of large abundance, environmental friendliness, low equilibrium potential, good stability in aqueous electrolyte, and low cost, Zn anode has been widely used in various commercial battery systems, such as Zn-MnO 2 , Zn-HgO, Zn-AgO, Zn-Ni, and Zn-air.…”

Section: Zinc Based Anode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Cost Metallic Anode Materials for High Performance Rechargeable Batteries

Wang

Zhang

Lee

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

194

107

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density. Therefore, developing highcapacity anode and cathode materials or new battery systems have drawn extensive attentions. [6,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Metal anodes, especially those with high-capacity and low-cost are promising alternative anode materials for LIBs in replace of graphite anode. [29][30][31][32][33][34] Generally, the metal anodes electrochemically alloy/ de-alloy with Li + to complete the battery reaction, which can store more energy than the intercalation/deintercalation mechanism in graphite. Table 1 displays the electrochemical properties of typical metallic anodes (Al, Sn, Zn, Mg, Sb, and Bi) with Li and graphite for comparison. While the graphite anodes suffer from low capacity (372 mA h g −1 ) and Li anodes suffer from severe safety issues caused by lithium dendrites, these metal anodes have many advantages in terms of high theoretical capacities, moderate operation potential for less dendrites formation, high abundance and low cost. [35] For example, aluminum has high theoretical capacity (993 mA h g −1 or 1411 mA h cm −3 for LiAl) with moderate potential plateau (≈0.38 V vs Li + /Li). [35,36] Considering both of the capacity increase and voltage drop by using metal anodes in a LIB model, Obrovac et al. calculated the volumetric energy increase in comparison to graphite based commercial battery (Table 1). [37] In such a model, the volumetric energy densities could be increased by different extents ranging from 10-42% when metal anodes were used. It is worth noticing that some recent studies have raised the idea of directly using metal foil as active anode material and simultaneously current collector. [38,39] This strategy can eliminate the usage of binder and conductive carbon black for anode preparation, simplify the battery processing steps, and also increase the loading amount of active materials, thus further enhancing the energy density and reducing the battery prices.While the metal anodes show good potential for application in high-performance LIBs, the main challenge for these metallic anodes is their large volume change caused by lithiation/delithiation process during cycling. [37,40,41] As the lithiation proceeds more deeply, the volume change becomes more severely for alloying anodes. For instance, the volume change of Sn (260%, Li 4.4 Sn) is larger than Al (97%, LiAl). The huge volume change could cause crack and pulverization of metal anodes, resulting in quick capacity decay and short cycling life. [42][43][44][45][46] Besides, metallic anode materials usually exhibited high first-cycle capacity loss due to their high reactivity withThe ever-growing market of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles has significantly stimulated research interests on new-generation rechargeable battery systems with high energy density, satisfying safety and low cost. With unique potentials to achieve high energy density and low cost, rechargeable batteries based on metal anodes are capable of storing more energy via an alloying/de-alloying process, in comparison to tradi...

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Nanostructured Materials

Hempelmann

Natter

2017

Electrodeposition From Ionic Liquids

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Nanostructured Zn-based composite anodes for rechargeable Li-ion batteries

Cited by 92 publications

References 34 publications

3D Porous Cu–Zn Alloys as Alternative Anode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries with Superior Low T Performance

3D Porous Cu–Zn Alloys as Alternative Anode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries with Superior Low T Performance

Low‐Cost Metallic Anode Materials for High Performance Rechargeable Batteries

Nanostructured Materials

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