Nanotechnology and material science

Abstract

The general features of nanotechnology processes are summarized. There are three key problems that require theoretical understanding: crystal faceting, crystal shaping and hierarchical organization of matter

Zirconium dioxide. Review

“…Однако вполне возможно, что соответствующие образцы находятся не в метастабильном, а в лабильном состоянии, уход от которого происходит чрезвычайно медленно. Практическая возможность использования материалов, находящихся в лабильном состоянии, нарушает один из постулатов химической термодинамики [140].…”

Hot Bridge-Wire Ignition of Nanocomposite Aluminum Thermite Synthesized Using Sol-Gel-Derived Aerogel with Tailored Properties for Enhanced Reactivity and Reduced Sensitivity

“…This phenomenon can be elucidated by the presence of residual fire paths, even within tightly compacted compositions, which albeit exhibiting diminutive diameters and limited propagation distances, nonetheless facilitate the convective feedback of thermal energy. As the charging pressure undergoes an increase, these residual fire paths experience a constriction in their dimensions and a curtailment in their propagation lengths, thereby engendering a diminution in their efficacy as conduits for energy feedback, consequently precipitating a decrease in the burning rate [159][160][161][162][163][164].…”

“…This phenomenon can be elucidated by the fact that for such thermites, an increase in the degree of compaction facilitates an enhancement in the thermal conductivity, thereby enhancing the efficiency of energy feedback mechanisms, consequently increasing the burning rate. However, the flame propagation velocity exhibits an escalatory trend with an increase in the loading density and a concomitant diminution in the particle size [159][160][161][162][163][164]. Indeed, both charging pressure and filling density influence the reaction mechanism and heat transfer modes.…”

“…Attaining an optimal degree of consolidation poses challenges emanating from theoretical comprehension limitations and the non-uniform distribution of fuel and oxidizer constituents. The synthesis of core-shell structured nano-thermites has been postulated as a potential strategy to engender enhancements in energy density and combustion efficiency [159][160][161][162][163][164].…”

Atomistic Computational Modeling of Temperature Effects in Fracture Toughness and Degradation of Penta-graphene Monolayer

“…It is of great interest of nanotechnology, as as an important and fundamental sub-area of material science, the understanding of the physical/chemical properties of nanomaterials and how they behave under different environment conditions at nanometric scale. [1][2][3] . Since the graphene extraction 4 , a lot of theoretical and experimental works brought us closer to improving quality in applicability and development of new materials with superior qualities to the existing ones [5][6][7] .…”