Nanotube SnO ₂ cathodes constructed by electrospinning for high‐performance hybrid Mg/Li ion batteries—Feasible modification strategy for superior cycle performance

Abstract

The dynamic characteristics and cycle stability of Mg/Li ion battery (MLIBs) cathodes are keys to develop the electric vehicles. This work proposes a strategy to construct one-dimensional (1D) porous nanomaterials, aiming to ameliorate the overall electrochemical properties of MLIBs. SnO 2 cathodes with nano-fiber (NF-SnO 2 ), nano-single tubular (NST-SnO 2 ) and nano-multitubular (NMT-SnO 2 ) structures were prepared by electrospinning technic, and the modification mechanism of SnO 2 cathodes was discussed. NST-SnO 2 and NMT-SnO 2 cathodes show excellent cycle and capacity properties than that of NF-SnO 2 cathode. The NST-SnO 2 and NMT-SnO 2 cathodes show discharge capacities of 138.2 and 286.4 mAh g À1 at 500 mA g À1 in the first cycle, the capacities after 50 cycles are 156.7 (113.38%) and 206.2 mAh g À1 (71.99%), which are higher than that of NF-SnO 2 cathode 46.7 mAh g À1 (31.32%). The 69.09 and 118.01 mAh g À1 of NST-SnO 2 and NMT-SnO 2 are discharged at 2000 mA g À1 . The electrochemical mechanism of modified nano-SnO 2 cathodes in MLIBs is also elaborated. The porosity nanomaterials provide a guarantee for high-performance MLIBs and pave way for the construction of advanced SnO 2 cathodes for MLIBs.

Novel Electrospun Sn-Based Composite Cathodes Exhibiting Extended Cycle Life for Hybrid Magnesium–Lithium Batteries

“…The cycling stability of MLIBs is an important indication of the effectiveness of cathode material modification, which is also an important criterion for practical application in production. The cycling performance of MLIBs was compared with that reported in ref ,,– . The relevant comparison results are listed in Table .…”

“…However, MLIBs currently confront substantial challenges during charge–discharge cycling due to the magnesium ion’s large ionic radius, sluggish diffusion kinetics, severe structural deformation, unsatisfactory specific capacity, and poor cycle life. − The crux of overcoming these obstacles lies in the discovery and design of cathode materials with exceptional electrochemical attributes. SnO 2 has been identified as a potential candidate for MLIB cathodes because of its high theoretical specific capacity, facile synthesis process, and economic viability . Despite its promise, SnO 2 suffers from rapid capacity fading caused by considerable volume expansion during the deintercalation process. , To mitigate this issue and enhance stability and conductivity, strategies such as conformal encapsulation, surface modification, and heteroatom doping have been shown to be effective in LIBs. − In this study, we propose a novel single-pore tubular structure for SnO 2 to alleviate the detrimental effects of stress-concentration-induced volume changes, thereby enhancing material stability.…”

“…SnO 2 has been identified as a potential candidate for MLIB cathodes because of its high theoretical specific capacity, facile synthesis process, and economic viability. 21 Despite its promise, SnO 2 suffers from rapid capacity fading caused by considerable volume expansion during the deintercalation process. 22,23 To mitigate this issue and enhance stability and conductivity, strategies such as conformal encapsulation, surface modification, and heteroatom doping have been shown to be effective in LIBs.…”

A high-performance magnesium/lithium hybrid-ion battery using a hollow multi-layered NiS/Co3S4/carbon cathode and an all-phenyl-complex-based electrolyte

“…7,8 It would be effective to develop Mg/Li hybrid-ion batteries (MLHBs) by utilizing a dendrite-free Mg anode and fast Li + transfer kinetics. 9,10…”