Nanotubes impregnated human olfactory bulb neural stem cells promote neuronal differentiation in Trimethyltin‐induced neurodegeneration rat model

Abstract

Neural stem cells (NSCs) are multipotent self-renewing cells that could be used in cellular-based therapy for a wide variety of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's diseases (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Being multipotent in nature, they are practically capable of giving rise to major cell types of the nervous tissue including neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. This is in marked contrast to neural progenitor cells which are committed to a specific lineage fate. In previous studies, we have demonstrated the ability of NSCs isolated from human olfactory bulb (OB) to survive, proliferate, differentiate, and restore cognitive and motor deficits associated with AD, and PD rat models, respectively. The use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to enhance the survivability and differentiation potential of NSCs following their in vivo engraftment have been recently suggested. Here, in order to assess the ability of CNTs to enhance the therapeutic potential of human OBNSCs for restoring cognitive deficits and neurodegenerative lesions, we co-engrafted CNTs and human OBNSCs in TMT-neurodegeneration rat model. The present study revealed that engrafted human OBNSCS-CNTs restored cognitive deficits, and neurodegenerative changes associated with TMT-induced rat neurodegeneration model. Moreover, the CNTs seemed to provide a support for engrafted OBNSCs, with increasing their tendency to differentiate into neurons rather than into glia cells. The present study indicate the marked ability of CNTs to enhance the therapeutic potential of human OBNSCs which qualify this novel therapeutic paradigm as a promising candidate for cell-based therapy of different neurodegenerative diseases.

Human Olfactory Bulb Neural Stem Cells (Hu-OBNSCs) Can Be Loaded with Paclitaxel and Used to Inhibit Glioblastoma Cell Growth

“…Removal of the mitogen triggered their differentiation into GFAP-positive astrocytes and MAP-2-positive neurons. These findings are in harmony with our previous studies [3,4,21,22,23,24,25,26], and clearly indicate the stem cell nature of isolated Hu-OBNSCs, based on their multipotent potential and their ability to differentiate into the different cells types forming nervous tissues.…”

Biomaterials in Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Promising Therapeutic Approach

“…For neural regeneration, Marei and colleagues engrafted NSCs isolated from a human olfactory bulb in a rat model. They demonstrated that a co-engraft with CNTs provided support, enhancing their tendency to differentiate into neurons rather than glial cells [157]. For nerve regeneration, two studies demonstrated the positive effects of CNTs.…”

Electroactive Smart Materials for Neural Tissue Regeneration

“…Biomaterials have been trying to fill that void, being considered interesting and potential approaches in this field . Using trimethyltin chloride (TMT)-induced rat neurodegeneration model, a recent study coengrafted CNTs and NSCs isolated from human olfactory bulb and demonstrated that the injected composite restored cognitive deficits and neurodegenerative alterations associated with the rat model . The mechanism by which this composite induced positive effects on cognitive and histological features is not completely understood.…”