Nanovaccines for cancer immunotherapy: Focusing on complex formation between adjuvant and antigen

Goradel, Nasser Hashemi; Nemati, Mahnaz; Bakhshandeh, Azam; Arashkia, Arash; Negahdari, Babak

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109887

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…77 Therefore, reducing tumor burden is an effective strategy for improving vaccine efficacy. The experimental results also confirm that a lower tumor 15,78 Many organic or inorganic materials have recently been designed and constructed as adjuvants for tumor immunotherapy using vaccines. These adjuvant candidates have been reported to activate NF-κB and IRF 3/7 signaling in antigen-presenting cells through different pattern recognition receptors, including TLR, NLR, and STING.…”

Section: Bnv(+and−) Enhances the Time-effectiveness Of Immunotherapy ...supporting

confidence: 63%

“…Adjuvants are essential components of vaccines. Adjuvants in cancer vaccines promote antigen presentation and activate specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes by enhancing the innate immune response in draining lymph nodes. , Many organic or inorganic materials have recently been designed and constructed as adjuvants for tumor immunotherapy using vaccines. These adjuvant candidates have been reported to activate NF-κB and IRF 3/7 signaling in antigen-presenting cells through different pattern recognition receptors, including TLR, NLR, and STING. , The mevalonate pathway, which begins with acetyl-CoA for cholesterol synthesis, has recently been identified as a potential target for vaccine adjuvants .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Trinity Nano-Vaccine System with Spatiotemporal Immune Effect for the Adjuvant Cancer Therapy after Radiofrequency Ablation

Li,

Jiang,

Han

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

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Cancer vaccine gains great attention with the advances in tumor immunology and nanotechnology, but its long-term efficacy is restricted by the unsustainable immune activity after vaccination. Here, we demonstrate the vaccine efficacy is negatively correlated with the tumor burden. To maximum the vaccineinduced immunity and prolong the time-effectiveness, we design a priming−boosting vaccination strategy by combining with radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and construct a bisphosphonate nanovaccine (BNV) system. BNV system consists of nanoparticulated bisphosphonates with dual electric potentials (BNV(+&−)), where bisphosphonates act as the immune adjuvant by blocking mevalonate metabolism. BNV(+&−) exhibits the spatial and temporal heterogeneity in lymphatic delivery and immune activity. As the independent components of BNV(+&−), BNV(−) is drained to the lymph nodes, and BNV(+) is retained at the injection site. The alternately induced immune responses extend the time-effectiveness of antitumor immunity and suppress the recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer liver metastases after RFA. As a result, this trinity system integrated with RFA therapy, bisphosphonate adjuvant, and spatiotemporal immune effect provides an orientation for the sustainable regulation and precise delivery of cancer vaccines.

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Section: Bnv(+and−) Enhances the Time-effectiveness Of Immunotherapy ...supporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Trinity Nano-Vaccine System with Spatiotemporal Immune Effect for the Adjuvant Cancer Therapy after Radiofrequency Ablation

Li,

Jiang,

Han

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

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“…As cancer therapy advances, immune checkpoint-based therapies, including immune checkpoint blockade, are ideal strategies for making fantastic progress 22 . Nevertheless, these immunotherapies are only effective for a small percentage of patients.…”

Section: Cancer Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, NPs allow antigens to be uptaken and processed by APCs, resulting in the maturation of APCs 53 . This further promotes Ag crosspresentation by MHC class I to CD8+ T-cells, which determines innate and adaptive immune responses through the production of cytokines 22 .…”

Section: Nanovaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to offering the capability to modify their surface for functionalization and charge delivery, nanocarriers are also helpful in encapsulating loaded charges and being able to be accepted by antigenpresenting cells (APCs) 21 . Nanovaccines that deliver antigens/adjuvants promote maturation and APC activation, resulting in active T lymphocytes that attack cancer cells 22 . As a result of engineering approaches to the co-delivery of antigens/adjuvants to immune cells, robust immune responses can be stimulated, which in turn increases the speed and duration of immune responses, intensifies weak antigen immunogenicity, and modulates Ag-antibody responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Power of Nanovaccines in Immunotherapy of Melanoma, Lung, Breast, and Colon Cancers: A Comprehensive Review

Angaji,

Salim,

Azizi

et al. 2023

Res. Biotechnol. Environ. Sci.

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Scientists are exploring new approaches to overcome cancer, and nanovaccines have emerged as one of the most promising tools in the fight against cancer. This review aimed to provide a thorough overview of nanovaccines as potential cancer immunotherapy agents by describing their mechanism of action and potential therapeutic implications. The growing incidence of cancer underscores the urgent need for comprehensive strategies focusing on prevention, early detection, and innovative treatment modalities to control and mitigate the impact of this widespread disease effectively. It is important to note that nanovaccines are a cutting-edge platform with a wide range of applications in immunotherapy for colon, breast, lung, melanoma, and ovarian cancers. Nanoscale formulations of tumor-specific antigens and adjuvants can initiate an efficient and targeted immune response. Research on nanovaccines involving melanoma has shown that they can trigger potent anti-tumor immune responses, which permit prolonged survival and tumor regression. Furthermore, nanovaccines have been effective in treating breast cancer since they can modulate the tumor microenvironment and stimulate the presence of cytotoxic T cells within the tumor. The nanovaccines strategy has enhanced the immune system’s recognition of tumor antigens, resulting in tumor cell destruction and effective immune recognition. There have also been studies that have utilized nanovaccines to modify the immune response of tumor cells to immune checkpoint inhibitors, thereby improving the synergistic outcomes of colon cancer treatment. Besides improving the immune response to malignancies, nanovaccines represent a transformative approach to cancer immunotherapy. The presence of compelling results across various cancer types suggests that nanovaccines are a powerful tool in cancer treatment despite further research required to optimize their design and validate their clinical applicability.

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Extracellular Vesicle‐Inspired Minimalist Flexible Nanocapsules Assembled with Whole Active Ingredients for Highly Efficient Enhancement of DC‐Mediated Tumor Immunotherapy

He,

Li,

Dang

et al. 2024

Adv Healthcare Materials

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The development of nanovaccines capable of eliciting tumor‐specific immune responses holds significant promise for tumor immunotherapy. However, many nanovaccine designs rely heavily on incorporating multiple adjuvants and carriers, increasing the biological hazards associated with these additional components. Here, this work introduces novel flexible nanocapsules (OVAnano) designed to mimic extracellular vesicles, primarily using the ovalbumin antigen and minimal polyethylenimine adjuvant components. These results show that the biomimetic flexible structure of OVAnano facilitates enhanced antigen uptake by dendritic cells (DCs), leading to efficient antigen and adjuvant release into the cytosol via endosomal escape, and ultimately, successful antigen cross‐presentation by DCs. Furthermore, OVAnano modulates the intracellular nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) signaling pathway, promoting DC maturation. The highly purified antigens in OVAnano demonstrate remarkable antigen‐specific immunogenicity, triggering strong antitumor immune responses mediated by DCs. Therapeutic tumor vaccination studies have also shown that OVAnano administration effectively suppresses tumor growth in mice by inducing immune responses from CD8+ and CD4+ T cells targeting specific antigens, reducing immunosuppression by regulatory T cells, and boosting the populations of effector memory T cells. These findings underscore that the simple yet potent strategy of employing minimal flexible nanocapsules markedly enhances DC‐mediated antitumor immunotherapy, offering promising avenues for future clinical applications.

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Nanovaccines for cancer immunotherapy: Focusing on complex formation between adjuvant and antigen

Cited by 14 publications

References 113 publications

A Trinity Nano-Vaccine System with Spatiotemporal Immune Effect for the Adjuvant Cancer Therapy after Radiofrequency Ablation

A Trinity Nano-Vaccine System with Spatiotemporal Immune Effect for the Adjuvant Cancer Therapy after Radiofrequency Ablation

The Power of Nanovaccines in Immunotherapy of Melanoma, Lung, Breast, and Colon Cancers: A Comprehensive Review

Extracellular Vesicle‐Inspired Minimalist Flexible Nanocapsules Assembled with Whole Active Ingredients for Highly Efficient Enhancement of DC‐Mediated Tumor Immunotherapy

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