NaOH-assisted low-temperature roasting to recover spent LiFePO4 batteries

Li, Xiangyun; Zhou, Fengyin; Gao, Shuaibo; Zhao, Jingjing; Wang, Dihua; Yin, Huayi

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2022.09.026

Cited by 28 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Usually, LiFePO 4 prefers to be oxidized to FePO 4 with the retention of olivine structure and Li is selectively recycled. The oxidation agents are [Fe(CN) 6 ], 3–122 Na 2 S 2 O 8 , 123,124 Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , 125 H 2 O 2 , 126 and air. 127 The oxidation roasting of LiFePO 4 in the air generates Fe 2 O 3 and Li 3 Fe 2 (PO 4 ) 2 , 128 by which the Li and Fe cannot be separated completely.…”

Section: Cathode Materials Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, the reaction temperature of NaOH-assisted LiFePO 4 roasting dropped to 150 °C in a closed reactor, with over 96% Li being selectively recycled. 87 3LiFePO 4 + 3Na 2 CO 3 = 3FeO + NaLi 2 PO 4 + LiNa 5 (PO 4 ) 2 + 3CO 2 C + FeO = 2Fe + CO 2 LiFePO 4 + 6NaOH = Fe 3 O 4 + NaLi 2 PO 4 + LiNa 5 (PO 4 ) 2 + H 2 + H 2 O…”

Section: Cathode Materials Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salt-thermal methods for recycling and regenerating spent lithium-ion batteries: a review

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2023

Green Chem.

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Section: Cathode Materials Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cathode Materials Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt-thermal methods for recycling and regenerating spent lithium-ion batteries: a review

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2023

Green Chem.

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“…Many reagents such as H 2 SO 4 , Cl 2 , NH 4 Cl, and Na 2 CO 3 have proven to be effective additives in the recovery process of cathode materials, but the polluting gas emissions during roasting and the high dosage of additives will be the main challenges in the industrial application of this method . In our previous study, NaOH was used as a green additive for the efficient recycling of spent LiFePO 4 batteries, but it has to be admitted that the method requires high consumption of NaOH to enable a complete reaction. Therefore, how to reduce the use of additives in the roasting process is a worthy topic for research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NaOH-Assisted Roasting for Corecovery of Spent LiFePO₄ and LiCoO₂ Batteries

Gao

Zhou

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Additive-assisted roasting has proven to be an effective strategy to improve metal recovery and decrease pyrometallurgical temperatures in the recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, excessive usage of additives and polluting exhaust emissions still need to be resolved. Here, a corecovery approach based on NaOH-assisted roasting is proposed for the recovery of valuable metals from spent LiFePO4 and LiCoO2 batteries, wherein NaOH is used as a roasting agent to destroy the structure of LiFePO4 and generate Fe(OH)2 to reduce LiCoO2, separating Fe and Co from Li that is in the form of phosphates (Li x Na y PO4). Hence, 94.8% of Li can be selectively separated by water leaching and recovered as Li3PO4 by stepwise evaporation and crystallization. By Everbatt model analysis, the NaOH-assisted roasting process is a promising candidate for the economic, environmental, and efficient recovery of LIBs with high utilization of additives and low emissions.

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“…However, this method consumed large amount of chemical reagents and the process was complex. Li et al [11] used NaOH-assisted low-temperature roasting method to recover spent LiFePO 4 . During the roasting process, the Fe 3 O 4 is separated, Li salt can be recovered into Li 3 PO 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this method consumed large amount of chemical reagents and the process was complex. Li et al [11] . used NaOH‐assisted low‐temperature roasting method to recover spent LiFePO 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Facile and Effective Method to Strip and Recycle Spent LiFePO₄ Cathode Materials

Mou,

Zhang,

Cai

et al. 2023

ChemistrySelect

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A facile and highly efficient method was proposed for the separation and regeneration of LiFePO4 (LFP) cathode materials from spent lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). The optimal separation conditions involved immersing the spent LFP materials in NaOH (0.5 mol/L) solutions at a temperature of 90 °C, with a solid‐liquid ratio of 30 g/L under stirring of 500 rpm. The high separation effect can be attributed to the synergistic action of several factors at the interface. Furthermore, the structure, composition, morphology, and electrochemical performance of the regenerated LFP (D‐LFP) materials at different temperatures were systematically investigated. Notably, the D‐LFP material generated through calcination at 650 °C for 10 h exhibited a initial discharge capacity of 154.4 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C and the capacity retention rate of 97.3 % after 100 cycles. Moreover, a detailed investigation of the kinetics of the separation and regeneration processes was carried out, along with an exploration of the underlying electrochemical mechanism. This idea not only mitigates the harmful impact of waste on both human health and the environment but also realizes the transformation of waste into valuable resource treasure, promoting a greener and more sustainable development of society.

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NaOH-assisted low-temperature roasting to recover spent LiFePO4 batteries

Cited by 28 publications

References 38 publications

Salt-thermal methods for recycling and regenerating spent lithium-ion batteries: a review

Salt-thermal methods for recycling and regenerating spent lithium-ion batteries: a review

NaOH-Assisted Roasting for Corecovery of Spent LiFePO₄ and LiCoO₂ Batteries

A Facile and Effective Method to Strip and Recycle Spent LiFePO₄ Cathode Materials

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NaOH-assisted low-temperature roasting to recover spent LiFePO4 batteries

Cited by 28 publications

References 38 publications

Salt-thermal methods for recycling and regenerating spent lithium-ion batteries: a review

Salt-thermal methods for recycling and regenerating spent lithium-ion batteries: a review

NaOH-Assisted Roasting for Corecovery of Spent LiFePO4 and LiCoO2 Batteries

A Facile and Effective Method to Strip and Recycle Spent LiFePO4 Cathode Materials

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

NaOH-Assisted Roasting for Corecovery of Spent LiFePO₄ and LiCoO₂ Batteries

A Facile and Effective Method to Strip and Recycle Spent LiFePO₄ Cathode Materials