Naphthylamidase (Arylaminopeptidase) Activities in
Rat Cartilages and Bone

Hirschman, Albert O.; Hirschman, M

doi:10.1159/000458500

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…7 Yet looking at the repeated tension and violence between local populations and commercially-oriented ethnic minorities both throughout history and in many different settings around the world suggests a very different story. From the Jews in medieval Western Europe to the Chinese in modern Indonesia and South Asians in modern East Africa, commercially-oriented ethnic minorities have often been targets of violence and expropriation.…”

Section: The Determinants Of Ethnic Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Maintaining peace across ethnic lines: New lessons from the past

Jha¹

2007

EPSJ

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This policy overview draws upon two studies, one theoretical and one empirical, to explore lessons from medieval Indian Ocean trade for supporting ethnic tolerance in contemporary settings. The overview begins by sketching a model of inter-ethnic trade and violence in environments where there are 'local' and 'non-local' ethnic groups. The model suggests that three conditions are necessary to support peaceful coexistence between these groups over time: Complementarities between groups, a high cost to replicate or expropriate the source of another group's complementarity, and a mechanism to share the gains from inter-group exchange. The article then describes how these conditions were satisfied among Hindu and Muslim traders in medieval Indian ports from the rise of Islam to European ascendance in the 17th century. The article characterizes the institutions that emerged to bolster religious tolerance in these towns during the medieval period and that continued to support religious tolerance two centuries after the decline of Muslim dominance in overseas trade. Finally, the article draws lessons from the theory and India's institutional legacy to understand why ethnic tolerance fails and how tolerance may be fostered in contemporary settings.

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Section: The Determinants Of Ethnic Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Maintaining peace across ethnic lines: New lessons from the past

Jha¹

2007

EPSJ

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“…In a similar vein, the broad mass of Americans are expected to be more comfortable with enhanced levels of economic interdependence than realists-in part because of the longstanding liberal argument that interdependence is a force for peace. 44 Two sources of polling data will be used to test the robustness of the anti-realist assumption. Extensive surveys have been conducted to test American attitudes towards the use of force, the expansion of trade, and the proper orientation of American foreign policy.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Realist Tradition in American Public Opinion

Drezner¹

2008

PPS

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For more than half a century, realist scholars of international relations have maintained that their world view is inimical to the American public. For a variety of reasons-inchoate attitudes, national history, American exceptionalism-realists assert that the U.S. government pursues realist policies in spite and not because of public opinion. Indeed, most IR scholars share this "anti-realist assumption." To determine the empirical validity of the anti-realist assumption, this paper re-examines survey and experimental data on the mass public's attitudes towards foreign policy priorities and world views, the use of force, and foreign economic policy over the past three decades. The results suggest that, far from disliking realism, Americans are at least as comfortable with the logic of realpolitik as they are with liberal internationalism. The persistence of the anti-realist assumption might be due to an ironic fact: American elites are more predisposed towards liberal internationalism than the rest of the American public.

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“…They give legitimacy to political power in democracies by producing a public rhetoric of disinterest in situations of contestation (ibid.). In ways that echo Hirschman's (1997Hirschman's ( [1977) analysis of the victory of the idea of interests over that of passions several centuries earlier, a particular class and usage of numbers has been called upon to play a civilising role in contemporary democratic polities. We need to explore how the "coldness" of numbers has achieved such a victory in modern government, and with what implications.…”

Section: Quantifying Mediating and Democratisingmentioning

confidence: 99%