Naringin attenuates rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via PI3K/Akt pathway‑mediated inhibition of apoptosis, oxidative stress and autophagy

Abstract

Naringin (NRG) has been reported to exert cardioprotective effects against multiple cardiovascular diseases, including lipopolysaccharide-induced and hyperglycemia-induced myocardial injury. However, the role of NRG in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unclear. In the present study, the PI3K/Akt pathway was investigated to evaluate the possible mechanisms underlying the roles of NRG in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The levels of cardiac enzymes were measured by ELISA to evaluate the optimal dosage of NRG that could protect against myocardial I/R injury. Rats were administered 100 mg/kg of NRG and activities of myocardial enzymes, the level of cardiac apoptosis and inflammation, oxidant response, autophagy indicators and echocardiography were evaluated. The level of corresponding proteins was measured using western blotting. The results indicated that NRG elicited the best cardioprotective effects at a dose of 100 mg/kg by significantly reducing the levels of myocardial enzymes, apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative response and infarct size. Furthermore, NRG alleviated contractile dysfunction by increasing the left ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening. In addition, NRG markedly promoted the phosphorylation of Akt, while decreasing the level of autophagy indicator beclin-1 and the microtubule-associated protein 1B-light chain 3 (LC3B) II/ LC3BI ratio. However, PI3K/Akt inhibitor (LY294002) partially reduced the NRG induced phosphorylation of Akt and the reduction in beclin-1, along with the LC3BII/LC3BI ratio. The results of the present study demonstrated that NRG could attenuate myocardial I/R injury.

Cardioprotective Effects of Grapefruit IntegroPectin Extracted via Hydrodynamic Cavitation from By-Products of Citrus Fruits Industry: Role of Mitochondrial Potassium Channels

“…This technique affords end products ( Citrus fruits IntegroPectins) with higher water solubility, in which a great amount of bioactive compounds are adsorbed at the surface of pectin. Indeed, high levels of naringin (about 73 mg/g of extract) and other characteristic flavanones, as well as volatile compounds (such as limonene and alpha-linalool), have emerged from the phytochemical analyses [ 16 , 30 ].…”

Naringenin alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating the nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) /System xc-/ glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) axis to inhibit ferroptosis

“…The study found that NAR had a significant advantage in improving MIRI. NAR alleviates MIRI in rats by inhibiting apoptosis, oxidative stress and autophagy through PI3K/Akt pathway [ 5 ]. The regulation of heat shock proteins 27 and 70, p-Akt/p-eNOS and MAPKs by NAR can inhibit myocardial injury and dysfunction after ischemia/reperfusion [ 6 ].…”

Cardioprotective Effects of Grapefruit Integropectin Extracted via Hydrodynamic Cavitation from By-Products of Citrus Fruits Industry: Role of Mitochondrial Potassium Channels

“…Therefore, we can discuss, even if not exhaustively, about a putative improvement of the bioavailability. Moreover, we chose to evaluate the anti-ischemic cardioprotection, that has been previously demonstrated for naringin and naringenin [7,12,[24][25][26][27][28].…”

“…Overall, the experimental results clearly demonstrated the dose-dependent cardioprotective activity of grapefruit IntegroPectin against ischemia/reperfusion injury, showing an efficacy comparable to the purified naringenin but with 10 times lower dose. Moreover, it was reported in the literature that also naringin possesses effective cardioprotection against several types of myocardial insults, yet at higher dose (in the range between 20-100 mg/Kg) compared to that found in grapefruit IntegroPectin [23][24][25][26][27][28].…”