Narrating Green Economies in the Global South

Abstract

This paper discusses how persisting, powerful narratives inform and shape the green economy in the Global South. Green economy strategies often evolve around market-based and technological solutions to the planetary crises, particularly in industrialized countries. In developing countries with rich resource bases, however, green transitions often imply various forms of modernization of the ways in which natural resources are managed, utilized and controlled. This, I argue, is a result of the process in which the green economy agenda is shaped by elites through narratives that feed into and inform green economy discourses and policies in resource-rich countries in the Global South. While much literature discusses variegated green economy schemes in the Global South and their outcomes, this paper discusses how these practices and policies are driven by powerful narratives that essentially shape green economy agendas. I argue that a persisting neo-Malthusian narrative of resource scarcity, degradation and overpopulation coexists with a resource abundance narrative, holding that pristine natural resources are vast, but under threat, and that capital, 'know-how' and technology can protect and develop these resources while at the same time accumulate economic growth. As a result, the green economy in the Global South is often narrated and implemented under a discourse of modernization of natural resource management.

Imagined inclusions into a ‘green modernisation’: local politics and global visions of Morocco’s renewable energy transition

“…Energy transitions have usually been aligned with the requirements of a neoliberal globalised market (Wanner 2015;Buseth 2020). In the Global South, energy transitions have often been guided by technologist notions of progress and the output expectations of international investors.…”

“…Energy transition processes have hardly mitigated structural socio-economic inequalities in the Global South (Bäckstrand and Lövbrand 2006), nor have they induced democratisation (Burke and Stephens 2017). Instead, in many cases, by 'greening' the carbon-based economic and political power structures, energy transitions have actually supported the market domination of large transnational companies and helped preserve the hegemonic status quo (Baker, Newell, and Phillips 2014;Newell and Phillips 2016;Hansen et al 2018;Buseth 2020;Allan, Lemaadel, and Lakhal 2021).…”