Narrow‐disperse or monodisperse crosslinked and functional core–shell polymer particles prepared by two‐stage precipitation polymerization

Abstract

Narrow-disperse and monodisperse crosslinked core-shell polymer particles containing different functional groups, such as esters, hydroxyls, chloromethyls, carboxylic acids, amides, cyanos, and glycidyls, in the shell layers in the micrometer size range were prepared by a two-stage precipitation polymerization in the absence of any stabilizer. Commercial divinylbenzene (DVB), containing 80% DVB, was precipitation polymerized in acetonitrile without any stabilizer as the first-stage polymerization and was used as the core. Several functional monomers, including methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate, i-octyl acrylate, acrylic acid, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, styrene, and p-chloromethyl styrene, were incorporated into the shells during the second-stage polymerization. The resulting core-shell polymer particles were characterized with scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

Modular poly(ethylene glycol) scaffolds provide the ability to decouple the effects of stiffness and protein concentration on PC12 cells

“…Using both DIC microscopy and DLS, the average diameter of the PEG microgels was found to be approximately 1.6 μm. As the polydispersity of the particles was relatively low, PDI=1.08, these microgels were fabricated within a very narrow size range, agreeing with results seen previously in literature [21, 37, 38]. However, the efficiency of the microgel formation at 37°C was low, with only 7.3% of the original PEG was incorporated into the microgels.…”

Light-Sensitive Polymeric Nanoparticles Based on Photo-Cleavable Chromophores

“…46,[314][315] An obligation for this concept, however, is the suppression of secondary nucleation, forming particles only consisting of the polymer proposed to form the shell. The formation of core/shell nanoparticles without secondary nucleation crucially depends on a high concentration of the seed particles.…”

“…Regarding the preparation of core/shell nanoparticles from polymers exhibiting a very dissimilar interaction parameter with the solvent, incorporation of vinyl groups on the seed particle surface was shown to result in the formation of a shell due to capturing of formed oligomeric radicals. 314 Since the aim of this work is to build a polymeric shell around microgel cores in order to serve as diffusion barrier for potential embedded compounds, a requirement of the shell forming polymer is either an increased hydrophobicity or orthogonal swellability compared to the hydrogel core. Investigations described in this chapter focus on the utilization of a preformed crosslinked polyacrylamide core as seed particle and the formation of a poly(methyl methacrylate) shell by seeded precipitation polymerization of MMA.…”

Facile fabrication of nanoporous composite separator membranes for lithium-ion batteries: poly(methyl methacrylate) colloidal particles-embedded nonwoven poly(ethylene terephthalate)

“…The detailed synthesis procedure has been described in previous publications. 20,21 The PMMA colloidal solution (the inset in Fig. 2(a)) was white in color due to the light scattering by the PMMA nanoparticles dispersed in water.…”