Nasal irritation and pulmonary toxicity of aliphatic amines in mice

Abstract

The expiratory bradypnoea indicative of upper airway irritation in mice was evaluated during a 15-min oronasal exposure to increasing concentrations of twenty aliphatic amines. The airborne concentration resulting in a 50% decrease in the respiratory rate of mice (RD50) was calculated for each test compound. Moreover, eight out of the twenty amines were tested for pulmonary toxicity in mice and for the effects of a 120-min exposure on the respiratory rates of non-anaesthetized, tracheally cannulated mice (RD50TC). Both allylamine and diallylamine showed RD50 values of 9 ppm and 4 ppm, respectively, while the RD50 values associated with exposure to saturated amines ranged from 50 to 200 ppm. Among the eight amines tested for both upper airway irritation and pulmonary toxicity, diisopropylamine and di-n-butylamine showed a RD50TC/RD50 ratio of less than 1, indicating that the respiratory toxicity induced by these two amines would be related primarily to pulmonary effects. On the basis of prior predictions proposed for upper airway irritants, tentative standards are given for ten amines. Moreover, it is suggested that the basis of standards for industrial exposure to diisopropylamine and di-n-butylamine should be specified.

Analysis of Male Pheromones That Accelerate Female Reproductive Organ Development

“…Therefore, we aimed to determine if the previously identified pheromones accelerate puberty in conjunction with other unidentified male odors that may be present in castrated urine. In the first two approaches we observed aversion to IAA and IBA and considering the toxicity of inhaled aliphatic amines in mice [44], these ligands were excluded from this final direct assessment. As previously described [22], we added β-farnesene, SBT, HMH, and EEARSM into urine from castrated males, providing urinary context.…”

Cytotoxicity of Odorous Compounds from Poultry Manure

“…Those workers who were exposed to 940 mL/m 3 and over 2000 mL/m 3 faced eye problems including reddening, irritation and corneal clouding and also some central nervous system disturbances [23]. Studies in mice determined the RD 50 for trimethylamine to be 61 mL/m 3 [24]. Although di- and trimethylamines are classified as non-carcinogenic, after their uptake into the human (animal) body either by inhalation or direct contact, they can be converted to carcinogenic nitrosamines, such as N -nitrosodimethylamine, by a process called endogenous nitrosation [25].…”

Triethylamin [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 1996]

“…(Schmidt et al 1974). Bei Mäusen wurde die RD 50 (Verminderung der Respirationsrate um 50%) nach 15minütiger Exposition mit 156 ml/m 3 (Gagnaire et al 1989) …”