Nasal Microbiota and Infectious Complications After Elective Surgical Procedures

Hsiao, Chiaowen Joyce; Paulson, Joseph N.; Singh, Sarabdeep; Mongodin, Emmanuel F.; Carroll, Karen C.; Fraser, Claire M.; Rock, Peter; Faraday, Nauder

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.8386

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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Section: Paradigm 2: Antimicrobial Resistance and Surgical Antibiotic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent anesthesiology-led study of preoperative nasal microbiome characterization builds upon this concept, demonstrating that, even after adjustment for S. aureus carriage, preoperative microbiome "cluster" is a stronger predictor of postoperative infection than traditional clinical factors such as age, procedure type, and medical comordibity. 16 Challenges to realizing the potential of preoperative screening include the growth of remote preoperative evaluation and actionable test turnaround times in cases of urgent or emergent surgery. Experience and innovation in high-reliability preoperative microbiologic screening developed during the COVID-19 pandemic may enable health systems to address these challenges more effectively: molecular diagnostic platforms acquired by many hospital laboratories for rapid preoperative SARS-CoV-2 screening can be repurposed for quick, highly accurate detection of methicillin-resistant S. aureus using alternative cartridges 49 (e.g., to determine optimal prophylaxis for trauma patients requiring orthopedic implants shortly after admission).…”

Section: Updates In Prevention Of Surgical Site Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While maintaining clean perioperative environments, sterile technique, and hand hygiene remain cornerstones of infection prevention, 13 attention has increasingly turned to another important source as key to achieving further improvements in surgical site infection: the patient's own microbiome. [14][15][16] Under this complementary model, patients "bring their own" bacteria to the hospital, and "endogenous" infection occurs when commensal microbes shift from states of colonization to infection because of factors that perturb the microbiome (fig. 3B).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Emerging Paradigms in the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection: The Patient Microbiome and Antimicrobial Resistance

2022

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Section: Paradigm 2: Antimicrobial Resistance and Surgical Antibiotic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Updates In Prevention Of Surgical Site Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Emerging Paradigms in the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection: The Patient Microbiome and Antimicrobial Resistance

2022

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“…NKTCL, featured by angioinvasion, angiodestruction, necrosis and strong linkage to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), is a rare but highly aggressive disease commonly involving the nasal cavity and UAT (Li et al, 2013;Tse et al, 2019). Recently, nasal microbiome has been reported to be a useful tool and biomarker in the clinical management of multiple diseases (Mahdavinia et al, 2018;Perez-Losada et al, 2018;Rhee et al, 2018;Hsiao et al, 2021). Nevertheless, the role of the nasal microbes in the complex interplay between the host and environment is far from understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Clinical Implications of the Nasal Microbiota in Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type

Shi

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) most frequently affects the nasal cavity and upper aerodigestive tract (UAT) and is often mistaken for reactive disease processes, such as chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Recently, alterations of the nasal resident microbiota have been found in CRS. However, nasal microbial features in NKTCL have never been reported. This case-control study collected 46 NKTCL patients, 25 CRS patients and 24 matched healthy controls (HCs) to analyze nasal microbial profiles via 16S rRNA sequencing technology to improve our understanding of changes in the nasal microbiota in NKTCL. We found that alpha diversity was significantly decreased, while beta diversity was significantly increased in NKTCL compared with those in CRS and HCs. The genus Corynebacterium was significantly depleted in CRS and NKTCL versus that in HCs, while genus Staphylococcus was the most abundant in the NKTCL compared to that in the other two groups. The nasal microbial community was significantly different between UAT-NKTCL and non-UAT NKTCL patients. Importantly, based on a panel of taxa, excellent classification power with an AUC of 0.875 between UAT-NKTCL and CRS was achieved. Furthermore, the alpha diversity of the nasal microbiota was associated with several clinical covariates of NKTCL. Finally, PICRUSt analysis implicated an array of distinct functions in NKTCL that might be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. In conclusion, the nasal microbial profile was unique in NKTCL. The nose-microbiota-UAT NKTCL axis represents a panel of promising biomarkers for clinical practice and contributes to revealing the potential pathogenesis of this malignancy.

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“…The most common genera defined in healthy individuals in the Human Microbiome Project are Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Propionibacterium , and Moraxella (1). Subsequent studies on the nasal microbiota have revealed microbiota dysbiosis in diseased states such as chronic rhinosinusitis (2) and have linked the nasal microbiota to infectious complications after elective surgical procedures (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Distinct Nasal Microbiota Signature in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Khan

Hudson

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Rationale & Objective. The nasal passages harbor both commensal and pathogenic bacteria. In this study, we sought to characterize the anterior nasal microbiota in PD patients using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Study Design. Cross-sectional. Setting & Participants. We recruited 32 PD patients, 37 kidney transplant (KTx) recipients, 22 living donor/healthy control (HC) participants and collected anterior nasal swabs at a single point in time. Predictors. We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V4-V5 hypervariable region to determine the nasal microbiota. Outcomes. Nasal microbiota profiles were determined at the genus level as well as the amplicon sequencing variant level. Analytical Approach. We compared nasal abundance of common genera among the 3 groups using Wilcoxon rank sum testing with Benjamini-Hochberg adjustment. DESeq2 was also utilized to compare the groups at the ASV levels. Results. In the entire cohort, the most abundant genera in the nasal microbiota included: Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, and Anaerococcus. Correlational analyses revealed a significant inverse relationship between the nasal abundance of Staphylococcus and that of Corynebacterium. PD patients have a higher nasal abundance of Streptococcus than KTx recipients and HC participants. PD patients have a more diverse representation of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus than KTx recipients and HC participants. PD patients who concurrently have or who developed future Staphylococcus peritonitis had a numerically higher nasal abundance of Staphylococcus than PD patients who did not develop Staphylococcus peritonitis. Limitations. 16S RNA gene sequencing provides taxonomic information to the genus level. Conclusions. We find a distinct nasal microbiota signature in PD patients compared to KTx recipients and HC participants. Given the potential relationship between the nasal pathogenic bacteria and infectious complications, further studies are needed to define the nasal microbiota associated with these infectious complications and to conduct studies on the manipulation of the nasal microbiota to prevent such complications.

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Nasal Microbiota and Infectious Complications After Elective Surgical Procedures

Abstract: This case-control study investigates the association between nasal microbial profiles and odds of infection after elective surgical procedures.

Cited by 6 publications

References 33 publications

Emerging Paradigms in the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection: The Patient Microbiome and Antimicrobial Resistance

Emerging Paradigms in the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection: The Patient Microbiome and Antimicrobial Resistance

Characteristics and Clinical Implications of the Nasal Microbiota in Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type

A Distinct Nasal Microbiota Signature in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

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