Nasal pH in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis before and after endoscopic sinus surgery

Kim, Byung-Guk; Kim, Jung-Hyun; Kim, Soo-Whan; Kim, Sung-Won; Jin, Kyung-Suk; Cho, Jin-Hee; Kang, Jun‐Myung; Park, Soyoung

doi:10.1016/j.amjoto.2013.04.015

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Using a pH catheter placed in the left and right nasal cavities of 17 healthy male and female volunteers, we found a mildly acidic pH of around 6.6 ( Fig. 4 E ), which is in agreement with earlier measurements ( 26 , 27 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

SARS-CoV-2 requires acidic pH to infect cells

Kreutzberger

Sanyal

Saminathan

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cell entry starts with membrane attachment and ends with spike (S) protein–catalyzed membrane fusion depending on two cleavage steps, namely, one usually by furin in producing cells and the second by TMPRSS2 on target cells. Endosomal cathepsins can carry out both. Using real-time three-dimensional single-virion tracking, we show that fusion and genome penetration require virion exposure to an acidic milieu of pH 6.2 to 6.8, even when furin and TMPRSS2 cleavages have occurred. We detect the sequential steps of S1-fragment dissociation, fusion, and content release from the cell surface in TMPRRS2-overexpressing cells only when exposed to acidic pH. We define a key role of an acidic environment for successful infection, found in endosomal compartments and at the surface of TMPRSS2-expressing cells in the acidic milieu of the nasal cavity.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

SARS-CoV-2 requires acidic pH to infect cells

Kreutzberger

Sanyal

Saminathan

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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show abstract

“…Using a pH catheter placed in the left and right nasal cavities of 17 healthy male and female volunteers, we found a mildly acidic pH of around 6.6 (Fig. 4 E), in agreement with earlier measurements ( 26, 27 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

SARS-CoV-2 requires acidic pH to infect cells

Kreutzberger

Sanyal

Saminathan

et al. 2022

Preprint

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SARS-CoV-2 cell entry starts with membrane attachment and ends with spike-protein (S) catalyzed membrane fusion depending on two cleavage steps, one usually by furin in producing cells and the second by TMPRSS2 on target cells. Endosomal cathepsins can carry out both. Using real-time 3D single virion tracking, we show fusion and genome penetration requires virion exposure to an acidic milieu of pH 6.2-6.8, even when furin and TMPRSS2 cleavages have occurred. We detect the sequential steps of S1-fragment dissociation, fusion, and content release from the cell surface in TMPRRS2 overexpressing cells only when exposed to acidic pH. We define a key role of an acidic environment for successful infection, found in endosomal compartments and at the surface of TMPRSS2 expressing cells in the acidic milieu of the nasal cavity.

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“…10 Acidity of the mucosa depends on intact nasal mucosal function and is reported to be increasing in rhinitis to 7.2 to 8.3. 10,28,29 Bhawana et al 30 described also alkaline pH values (7.81) in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), but values within the same range as in healthy subjects were observed, too. 29 All reported measurements involved the nasal mucosa (middle or inferior meatus) but none the sinus mucosa in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…10,28,29 Bhawana et al 30 described also alkaline pH values (7.81) in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), but values within the same range as in healthy subjects were observed, too. 29 All reported measurements involved the nasal mucosa (middle or inferior meatus) but none the sinus mucosa in vivo. The mechanism of acidity regulation of nasal or sinus mucus secretion is not still clear; however, it seems to depend on the type of inflammation for instance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The pH Value as a Factor Modifying Bacterial Colonization of Sinonasal Mucosa in Healthy Persons

Morawska-Kochman

Jermakow

Nelke

et al. 2019

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol

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Objective: The aim of the present study is to determine and compare the range of pH value in nasal and sinus cavities in vivo regarding the presence of bacteria colonizing sinonasal mucosa among healthy subjects. Methods: The nasal pH value measurement using a portable pH meter (Dx-pH System, Restech) and the microbiological culture swab were taken from beneath the middle turbinate and in the sinus cavity in 39 healthy subjects during maxillary bone corrective osteotomy with the Le Fort I technique. Results: The mean pH value (independently of sex, P = .441) in the healthy sinus cavity was statistically higher than in the nasal middle meatus: 7.96 (SD ± 0.29) versus 7.83 (SD ± 0.30) ( P = .032). Forty-eight strains of bacteria were cultured from sinus maxillaries cavities—aerobic 36.8%, aerobic and anaerobic 52.6%, anaerobic only 10.5%—and 23 strains from the nasal meatus—aerobic 25%, aerobic and anaerobic 75%. A statistically significant correlation was found between the type and location of 8 microorganisms, especially Propionibacterium acnes, identified only in the sinus cavities. Conclusions: Differences in the pH value between the middle nasal meatus and the maxillary sinus are characteristic of healthy subjects and could be associated with the diverse bacterial flora. The role of bacteria Propionibacterium acnes seems to be crucial for the pH range and sinus flora in healthy subjects.

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Nasal pH in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis before and after endoscopic sinus surgery

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

SARS-CoV-2 requires acidic pH to infect cells

SARS-CoV-2 requires acidic pH to infect cells

SARS-CoV-2 requires acidic pH to infect cells

The pH Value as a Factor Modifying Bacterial Colonization of Sinonasal Mucosa in Healthy Persons

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