Nasal responses to elevated temperature and Francisella noatunensis infection in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

Lazado, Carlo C.; Iversen, Marianne; Johansen, Lill-Heidi; Brenne, Hanne; Sundaram, Arvind Y.M.; Ytteborg, Elisabeth

doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110735

Genomics

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110735

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Nasal responses to elevated temperature and Francisella noatunensis infection in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

Carlo C. Lazado,

Marianne Iversen,

Lill-Heidi Johansen

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

References 53 publications

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Embryonic Temperature Influences the Mucosal Responses of Atlantic Salmon Alevins to a Bacterial Challenge

Malik,

Rebl,

Burgerhout

et al. 2024

Mar Biotechnol

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The present work investigated the effects of embryonic temperature on the responses of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) alevins to a bacterial challenge using Yersinia ruckeri as a model pathogen. Embryos were reared at 4 °C, 6 °C, and 8 °C from fertilization to the eyed-egg stage. Alevins, before the start of feeding, were challenged with the pathogen, and mortality and early immune responses in mucosal organs were assessed. Fish from the 4 °C and 6 °C groups exhibited higher survival probabilities than those from the 8 °C group 72 h post-infection. Mild histopathological changes were observed in the gills and skin across all temperature groups, with bacterial antigen detected in the secondary lamellae of gills and in the skin epithelial and basal layers. Gene expression profiling revealed slightly distinct immune gene expression patterns in low-temperature groups (4 °C and 6 °C) compared to the 8 °C group. Gelsolin (gsn) expression increased in the skin across all temperature groups at 72 h post-infection. Claudin (cldn4) and collagen (col1a) were only upregulated in the skin of the 4 °C group, while heat shock protein 70 (hspa1a) was downregulated in the gills of infected fish at 72 h compared to controls. Toll-like receptor 13 (tlr13) expression increased in infected fish at 24 h compared to controls. In the 6 °C and 8 °C groups, gsn expression also increased at 72 h post-infection. Cldn4 expression increased only in the gills of 8 °C infected fish. This study revealed that low embryonic temperature could influence survival and mucosal immune defences following a bacterial challenge in Atlantic salmon alevins.

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Embryonic Temperature Influences the Mucosal Responses of Atlantic Salmon Alevins to a Bacterial Challenge

Malik,

Rebl,

Burgerhout

et al. 2024

Mar Biotechnol

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show abstract

Embracing prospects for reducing the numbers of animals used in aquaculture research

Lazado,

Ytteborg,

Noble

2024

Journal of Fish Biology

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The principles of three Rs—REPLACEMENT, REDUCTION, and REFINEMENT—govern the protection and use of animals, including fish, for research purposes in the European Union and Norway. In this paper, we discuss some straightforward steps to simplify the delivery of these principles at the idea stage and adapt some of these examples for conducting fish trials related to health and welfare. Although some of the approaches are well established in other animal science arenas, we believe there can be a timely recap of their key facets. We discuss a number of simple strategies to emphasize how a reduction in fish numbers can be achieved from initial project conception to implementation, highlighting not only their advantages but also their limitations. We also highlight the role that funding agencies can play in the implementation of the 3R principles in aquaculture research. These simple points can be used in frameworks to initiate a broader and dynamic intersectoral dialogue among stakeholders of aquaculture research on how to promote ethics and embrace opportunities for this within the tenets of the 3Rs.

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Nasal responses to elevated temperature and Francisella noatunensis infection in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

Cited by 2 publications

References 53 publications

Embryonic Temperature Influences the Mucosal Responses of Atlantic Salmon Alevins to a Bacterial Challenge

Embryonic Temperature Influences the Mucosal Responses of Atlantic Salmon Alevins to a Bacterial Challenge

Embracing prospects for reducing the numbers of animals used in aquaculture research

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