Nasally inhaled therapeutics and vaccination for COVID‐19: Developments and challenges

Xi, Jinxiang; Lei, Lameng Ray; Zouzas, William; April, Xiuhua

doi:10.1002/mco2.101

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 116 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Nevertheless, the major challenges in the development of nasal vaccines are the delivery of antigen to APC in the respiratory tract and the safety issue. Approaches to overcome these obstacles include the use of a safe and effective adjuvant and delivery system to increase the efficacy and prolong the time of antigen uptake in the respiratory tract [255][256][257][258]. In this regard, TLR agonist-based nasal adjuvants are continuously being developed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Development of Toll-like Receptor Agonist-Based Vaccine Adjuvants for Infectious Diseases

Yang

Tseng

et al. 2022

Pharmaceutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vaccines are powerful tools for controlling microbial infections and preventing epidemic diseases. Efficient inactive, subunit, or viral-like particle vaccines usually rely on a safe and potent adjuvant to boost the immune response to the antigen. After a slow start, over the last decade there has been increased developments on adjuvants for human vaccines. The development of adjuvants has paralleled our increased understanding of the molecular mechanisms for the pattern recognition receptor (PRR)-mediated activation of immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a group of PRRs that recognize microbial pathogens to initiate a host’s response to infection. Activation of TLRs triggers potent and immediate innate immune responses, which leads to subsequent adaptive immune responses. Therefore, these TLRs are ideal targets for the development of effective adjuvants. To date, TLR agonists such as monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) and CpG-1018 have been formulated in licensed vaccines for their adjuvant activity, and other TLR agonists are being developed for this purpose. The COVID-19 pandemic has also accelerated clinical research of vaccines containing TLR agonist-based adjuvants. In this paper, we reviewed the agonists for TLR activation and the molecular mechanisms associated with the adjuvants’ effects on TLR activation, emphasizing recent advances in the development of TLR agonist-based vaccine adjuvants for infectious diseases.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Development of Toll-like Receptor Agonist-Based Vaccine Adjuvants for Infectious Diseases

Yang

Tseng

et al. 2022

Pharmaceutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, the intranasal administration of the HIV-1 vaccine induced strong mucosal immune responses against HIV mucosal infections [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Additionally, inoculation via aerosol sprays or droplets is an attractive way to deliver COVID-19 vaccines [ 71 , 72 ].…”

Section: Challenges and Solutions For The Development Of Mucosa-targe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to Develop a Mucosa-Targeting Vaccine against Emerging Infectious Diseases

Feng

Wen

Chen

et al. 2022

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Numerous pathogenic microbes, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi, usually infect the host through the mucosal surfaces of the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and reproductive tract. The mucosa is well known to provide the first line of host defense against pathogen entry by physical, chemical, biological, and immunological barriers, and therefore, mucosa-targeting vaccination is emerging as a promising strategy for conferring superior protection. However, there are still many challenges to be solved to develop an effective mucosal vaccine, such as poor adhesion to the mucosal surface, insufficient uptake to break through the mucus, and the difficulty in avoiding strong degradation through the gastrointestinal tract. Recently, increasing efforts to overcome these issues have been made, and we herein summarize the latest findings on these strategies to develop mucosa-targeting vaccines, including a novel needle-free mucosa-targeting route, the development of mucosa-targeting vectors, the administration of mucosal adjuvants, encapsulating vaccines into nanoparticle formulations, and antigen design to conjugate with mucosa-targeting ligands. Our work will highlight the importance of further developing mucosal vaccine technology to combat the frequent outbreaks of infectious diseases.

show abstract

“…Clinical trials of inhaled vaccines and therapeutics in the form of nasal sprays have been conducted using existing or modified vaccines, such as Carrageenan, Povidone‐Iodine, Ivermectin, Xylitol, etc 5 . The recent study by Afkhami et al.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Clinical trials of inhaled vaccines and therapeutics in the form of nasal sprays have been conducted using existing or modified vaccines, such as Carrageenan, Povidone-Iodine, Ivermectin, Xylitol, etc. 5 The recent study by Afkhami et al demonstrated that mucosal immunization using Adenoviral-vectored multivalent vaccines could be a convenient, cost-efficient, and painless vaccination strategy to achieve adequate protection against COVID-19 infections. 1 Even a single-dose intranasal application induced allaround mucosal immunity against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and variant strains.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasally inhaled therapeutics and vaccination for COVID‐19: Developments and challenges

Cited by 36 publications

References 116 publications

Recent Advances in the Development of Toll-like Receptor Agonist-Based Vaccine Adjuvants for Infectious Diseases

Recent Advances in the Development of Toll-like Receptor Agonist-Based Vaccine Adjuvants for Infectious Diseases

Strategies to Develop a Mucosa-Targeting Vaccine against Emerging Infectious Diseases

A next‐generation vaccine for broader and long‐lasting COVID‐19 protection

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About