National Alveolar Echinococcosis Distribution — China, 2012−2016

Zheng, Canjun; Xue, Cong; Han, Seung-Beom; Li, Zhongjie; Hu, Wang; Wang, Liying; Wang, Ying; Wang, Qian; Feng, Yue; Hou, Yiling; Ma, Xingming; Ma, Jun; Han, Xiumin; Quzhen, Gongsang; Jiang, Xiaofeng; Guo, Weidong; Wu, Xuli; Yang, Yaming; Cao, Lei; FanKa, Li; Chen, Weiqi; Yan, Xin-Liu; Yu, Shicheng; Fu, Meihua; Yu, Qing; Xiao, Ning; Cao, Jiangping; Yan, Jun; Wu, Wei; Zhou, Xiao‐Nong

doi:10.46234/ccdcw2020.001

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Western China, especially Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are the endemic regions of AE ( 4 ). Our patient came from Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan province, an echinococcosis epidemic area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our patient came from Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan province, an echinococcosis epidemic area. A large epidemiological survey showed that more than 90% of AE patients here did not receive timely diagnosis and treatment due to poor economic conditions, inconvenient transportation and poor health service facilities and diagnostic technology ( 4 ). Diverse clinical manifestations and mimicking of differential diagnoses often result in misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis of AE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incidence of AE is lower than that of CE, about 0.03 to 1.2 per 100,000 in endemic areas, but it has a high mortality and disability rate, and the mortality is more than 90% in untreated or inadequately treated patients within 10–15 years after diagnosis ( 2 ). The endemic areas of AE mainly include Switzerland, Alaska, Canada, eastern and central France, southern Germany, western China, and northern Japan ( 2 – 4 ). There are approximately 18,235 new cases of AE worldwide annually, of which about 91% cases occur in China ( 5 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are approximately 18,235 new cases of AE worldwide annually, of which about 91% cases occur in China ( 5 ). A recent epidemiological survey showed that the incidence of AE in western China was about 0.27% ( 4 ). The incidence of AE is high in the Tibetan Plateau and even higher than that of CE in several areas ( 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disseminated alveolar echinococcosis in a patient diagnosed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: A case report

2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundAlveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a parasitic zoonosis with high mortality and disability rates. Diverse clinical manifestations and mimicking of differential diagnoses such as tuberculosis and malignancy pose a diagnostic dilemma. With the rapid development of molecular diagnostic techniques in recent years, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has become an attractive approach for the etiological diagnosis of infectious diseases.Case presentationwe report a case of 51-year-old Chinese Tibetan male presented with 3-year low-back pain and 4-month discomfort in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. He had been in good health. He was diagnosed with tuberculosis and was given anti-tuberculosis treatment a month prior to the visit, but the symptoms were not relieved. Abdominal computerized tomography (CT) revealed a hypodense lesion with uneven enhancement in the liver, and two ring-enhancing cystic lesions in the right abdominal wall. Lumbar spine enhanced MRI showed lesions of mixed density with uneven enhancement in the L1 vertebra and paraspinal tissue. The pathological results of the liver biopsy revealed parasitic infection and possibly echinococcosis. The metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of the puncture fluid of abdominal cysts using Illumina X10 sequencer revealed 585 sequence reads matching Echinococcus multilocularis. Disseminated AE was diagnosed. Albendazole (400 mg, twice daily) was used, and the patient was in stable condition during follow-up.ConclusionsmNGS may be a useful tool for the diagnosis of AE. The case would help clinicians to improve their diagnostic skills.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disseminated alveolar echinococcosis in a patient diagnosed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: A case report

2022

Front. Public Health

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“…In 2017, the Chinese DALYs of echinococcosis has been estimated at 293,400 years lost to disability (YLD) and 28,800 years of life lost (YLL) [ 2 ]. In western China, about nine million people in six provinces are under risk of AE [ 3 ]. Both CE and AE are major public health issues worldwide [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and spatial distribution characteristics of human echinococcosis in China

et al. 2021

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Background Echinococcosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by larval stages of cestodes belonging to the genus Echinococcus. The infection affects people’s health and safety as well as agropastoral sector. In China, human echinococcosis is a major public health burden, especially in western China. Echinococcosis affects people health as well as agricultural and pastoral economy. Therefore, it is important to understand the prevalence status and spatial distribution of human echinococcosis in order to advance our knowledge of basic information for prevention and control measures reinforcement. Methods Report data on echinococcosis were collected in 370 counties in China in 2018 and were used to assess prevalence and spatial distribution. SPSS 21.0 was used to obtain the prevalence rate for CE and AE. For statistical analyses and mapping, all data were processed using SPSS 21.0 and ArcGIS 10.4, respectively. Chi-square test and Exact probability method were used to assess spatial autocorrelation and spatial clustering. Results A total of 47,278 cases of echinococcosis were recorded in 2018 in 370 endemic counties in China. The prevalence rate of human echinococcosis was 10.57 per 10,000. Analysis of the disease prevalence showed obvious spatial positive autocorrelation in globle spatial autocorrelation with two aggregation modes in local spatial autocorrelation, namely high-high and low-high aggregation areas. The high-high gathering areas were mainly concentrated in northern Tibet, western Qinghai, and Ganzi in the Tibetan Autonomous Region and in Sichuan. The low-high clusters were concentrated in Gamba, Kangma and Yadong counties of Tibet. In addition, spatial scanning analysis revealed two spatial clusters. One type of spatial clusters included 71 counties in Tibet Autonomous Region, 22 counties in Qinghai, 11 counties in Sichuan, three counties in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, two counties in Yunnan, and one county in Gansu. In the second category, six types of spatial clusters were observed in the counties of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and the Qinghai, Gansu, and Sichuan Provinces. Conclusion This study showed a serious prevalence of human echinococcosis with obvious spatial aggregation of the disease prevalence in China. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the "hot spot" area of human echinococcosis in China. Findings from this study indicate that there is an urgent need of joint strategies to strengthen efforts for the prevention and control of echinococcosis in China, especially in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

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Integrated Survival Estimates for Cancer Treatment Delay Among Adults With Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2020

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IMPORTANCECancer treatment delay has been reported to variably impact cancer-specific survival and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-specific mortality during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic. During the pandemic, treatment delay is being recommended in a nonquantitative, nonobjective, and nonpersonalized manner, and this approach may be associated with suboptimal outcomes. Quantitative integration of cancer mortality estimates and data on the consequences of treatment delay is needed to aid treatment decisions and improve patient outcomes.OBJECTIVE To obtain quantitative integration of cancer-specific and COVID-19-specific mortality estimates that can be used to make optimal decisions for individual patients and optimize resource allocation. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSIn this decision analytical model, age-specific and stage-specific estimates of overall survival pre-COVID-19 were adjusted by the probability of COVID-19 (individualized by county, treatment-specific variables, hospital exposure frequency, and COVID-19 infectivity estimates), COVID-19 mortality (individualized by age-specific, comorbidity-specific, and treatment-specific variables), and delay of cancer treatment (impact and duration). These model estimates were integrated into a web application (OncCOVID) to calculate estimates of the cumulative overall survival and restricted mean survival time of patients who received immediate vs delayed cancer treatment. Using currently available information about COVID-19, a susceptible-infectedrecovered model that accounted for the increased risk among patients at health care treatment centers was developed. This model integrated the data on cancer mortality and the consequences of treatment delay to aid treatment decisions. Age-specific and cancer stage-specific estimates of overall survival pre-COVID-19 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database for 691 854 individuals with 25 cancer types who received cancer diagnoses in 2005 to 2006. Data from 5 436 896 individuals in the National Cancer Database were used to estimate the independent impact of treatment delay by cancer type and stage. In addition, data from 275 patients in a nested case-control study were used to estimate the COVID-19 mortality rate by age group and number of comorbidities. Data were analyzed from March 17 to May 21, 2020. EXPOSURES COVID-19 and cancer.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Estimates of restricted mean survival time after the receipt of immediate vs delayed cancer treatment.

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National Alveolar Echinococcosis Distribution — China, 2012−2016

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Disseminated alveolar echinococcosis in a patient diagnosed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: A case report

Disseminated alveolar echinococcosis in a patient diagnosed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: A case report

Prevalence and spatial distribution characteristics of human echinococcosis in China

Integrated Survival Estimates for Cancer Treatment Delay Among Adults With Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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