National disability insurance scheme: is it creating an ordinary life for adults with intellectual disability?

Young adults with intellectual disabilities participating in employment‐related activities using the pathways and resources for engagement and participation intervention: A case study

“…It also adopted a coaching approach to support young adults in choosing meaningful goals and modifying the environment to work towards employment‐related goals. These approaches align well with the NDIS social model of disability, which recognises the multiple factors impacting participation and the need to provide individuals with choice and control to improve participation and health outcomes (Lloyd et al, 2021). The coaching approach used in PREP may have contributed to the trend in increased scores in the Life‐H employment‐related social roles.…”

“…Additionally, there was hesitation about allowing one young adult to conduct a practice interview at a different LDC location to enhance interview skills. Protective behaviours to mitigate perceived risks have been previously reported as a barrier to employment for people with intellectual disabilities (Lloyd et al, 2021) and speak to the importance of developing strong collaborative relationships and trust among those supporting the young person. In this study, it was noted as therapists became more comfortable facilitating participation teams using the PREP approach, trust increased, and expectations of the participation team members became more closely aligned.…”

“…Participation outcomes are of interest to occupational therapists who reported benefits in using a context-based approach such as PREP, which helped recognise and overcome broad environmental challenges (Anaby et al, 2015). In Australia, the client-centred participation focus of PREP aligns with the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) which aims to support people with disabilities to participate in education, social activities, and employment (Lloyd et al, 2021). The NDIS shifts the focus from a block-funded, agency-based welfare system to individualised funding, which aims to promote choice and control for individuals with disabilities and supports participation goals (Lloyd et al, 2021).…”

“…In Australia, the client-centred participation focus of PREP aligns with the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) which aims to support people with disabilities to participate in education, social activities, and employment (Lloyd et al, 2021). The NDIS shifts the focus from a block-funded, agency-based welfare system to individualised funding, which aims to promote choice and control for individuals with disabilities and supports participation goals (Lloyd et al, 2021). With sustained poor employment outcomes for young people with disabilities and increased awareness of the importance of participation outcomes, there is a need for evidence about the effectiveness of participation-focused interventions such as PREP when applied to employment-related activities.…”

Preparing adults with intellectual disabilities for their future: How do support services staff view their role?

“…There is a gulf between the emphases of policy documents regarding the life choices of individuals with intellectual disabilities (e.g., where to live and with whom) and the day‐to‐day choices that make up everyday living, which are generally about much smaller, reoccurring events such as what to wear or eat (see Antaki et al, 2009). Lloyd et al (2021) found that some parents were not consistent in the view they took with respect to their adult child with intellectual disability, simultaneously espousing views that reflected the idea of competence (e.g., independent living was desirable and achievable) with those that suggested that protection was needed (e.g., sexual relationships were discouraged or even prohibited). This inner tension between views may also be at play within staff working in service contexts.…”