Background: The quality of recording and documentation of deteriorating patient management by health professionals has been challenged at health system level during the COVID-19 pandemic. Non-adherence to monitoring and escalation guidelines and poor documentation increases risk of serious adverse events. Electronic health record (EHR)-integrated dashboards are real-time auditing tools of patients status and clinicians performance, but neither the views nor the performance of health professionals have been assessed, relating to management of deteriorating patients .
Objective: To develop and evaluate a real-time dashboard of deteriorating patients assessment, referral, and therapy by examining the perception of the dashboard and the performance of nurses and physicians.
Settings: Five academic hospitals in the largest NHS trust in the UK (Barts Health NHS Trust).
Intervention: The dashboard was developed from EHR data to investigate patients with NEWS2>5, assessment, and escalation of deteriorating patients. We adopted the Plan, Do, Study, Act model and followed the SQUIRE framework to evaluate the dashboard.
Design: Mixed methods: (i) Virtual, face-to-face, key informant interviews and (ii) Retrospective descriptive EHR data analysis to measure performance change over time.
Results:
We interviewed 3 nurses (2 quality and safety and 1 informatics specialists). Key themes were: (1) participants perceived the dashboard as a facilitator for auditing NEWS2 recording and escalation of care to improve clinicians practice; (2) There is a need for guiding clinicians and adjusting data sources and metrics which could enhance the functionality and usability. From EHR (2019 to 2022) data analysis showed: (1) NEWS2 recording has gradually improved in the implementation and evaluation phases (May 2021 to Apr 2022) from 64% to 83%; (2) Referral and nurses' assessment forms completion increased (n: 170 to 6800 & 23 to 540, respectively).
Conclusion: The deterioration dashboard is an effective real time data- driven method for improving the quality of managing deteriorating patients. Improving the dashboard by integrating multiple health systems, a wider analysis of further NEWS2 and escalation of care metrics, clinicians learning of digital solutions will enhance functionality and experience, potentially boosting its value. There is a need to examine the generalizability of the dashboard through further validation and quality improvement studies.