National level data analysis of facial lacerations in Korea using the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database

Abstract

No national epidemiological investigations have been conducted recently regarding facial lacerations. The study was performed using the data of 3,634,229 people during the 5-year period from 2014 to 2018 archived by the National Health Information Database (NHID) of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Preschool and children under 10 years old accounted for about one-third of patients. Facial lacerations were concentrated in the “T-shaped” area, which comprised forehead, nose, lips, and the perioral area. The male to female ratio for all study subjects was 2.16:1. Age and gender are significantly related with each other ( P < .001). Mean hospital stays decreased, and numbers of outpatient department visits per patient were highest for hospitals and lowest for health agencies. Over the study period, hospital costs per patient in tertiary and general hospitals increased gradually. Preschool and school-aged children are vulnerable to trauma. Male patients outnumbered female patients by a factor of more than 2. The “T-shaped’” area around forehead is vulnerable to injury. Total cost of medical care benefits per patient in tertiary hospitals was about 7 times on average than in health agencies. Regarding functional, behavioral, and aesthetic outcomes, more attention should be paid to epidemiologic data and hospital costs for facial lacerations.

Pattern of Facial Laceration at Tertiary Care Centre in Eastern Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

“…Facial laceration showed predominant T-shaped distribution, over the chin 76 (21.22%), forehead 53 (15.08%), orbit (52 (14.52%), maxilla 40 (11.17%) and upper lip 26 (7.26%) similar to other studies. 1 , 3 , 4 , 8 Within T-shaped distribution also there was difference, chin region 76 (21.22%) was the most common site in our study compared to studies by Bolt et al, Mo young et al and Lee et al where the forehead region was the most common site. This could be due to the change in the aetiology of the maxillofacial laceration as RTA was main aetiology in our study however in above mentioned studies main aetiology was fall.…”

“… 1 , 2 Lacerations are more frequently localised to the middle third of the face and "T-shaped" area including forehead, nose, lips, and the perioral area. 3 , 4 …”

“…1,2 Lacerations are more frequently localised to the middle third of the face and "T-shaped" area including forehead, nose, lips, and the perioral area. 3,4 Studies in Nepal have shown laceration as the most common soft tissue injury of the face with the prevalence of 59.8% to 70.7%. 5,6 However, there is a lack of literature on the pattern of Facial laceration in the Nepalese population.…”

Prevalence of orofacial injuries resulting from trauma in individuals with cerebral palsy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…In contrast, an epidemiological study analyzing a database of over 3 million individuals reported a prevalence of 14% for traumas involving the perioral region. 32 Of the nine included studies, only the dental aspects were evaluated, highlighting the lack of research specifically addressing this outcome. Although not assessed in the included studies, soft tissue injuries in the orofacial region such as trauma to the chin were directly associated with dental trauma.…”

“…The prevalence in these patients was 28%, which is similar to that reported in another study involving a population of children without CP, where a prevalence of 26% was observed. In contrast, an epidemiological study analyzing a database of over 3 million individuals reported a prevalence of 14% for traumas involving the perioral region 32 . Of the nine included studies, only the dental aspects were evaluated, highlighting the lack of research specifically addressing this outcome.…”