National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS), 1995-1996

Brim, Orville G.; Baltes, Paul B.; Bumpass, Larry L.; Cleary, Paul D.; Featherman, David L.; Hazzard, William R.; Kessler, Ronald C.; Lachman, Margie E.; Markus, Hazel Rose; Marmot, Michael; Rossi, Alice S.; Ryff, Carol D.; Shweder, Richard A.

doi:10.3886/icpsr02760

Cited by 55 publications

(73 citation statements)

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“…Carr and Friedman reported that the effects of obesity on perceptions of general discrimination were similar for men and women, but gender was not addressed in the context of weight discrimination. 24 In contrast, previous work on prejudiced attitudes toward obese individuals has reported mixed findings on gender, with some studies detecting gender differences [25][26][27] and other studies not. 13,15 Thus, research examining differences among men and women in their perceptions of weight/ height discrimination would be informative.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The response rate was 70% for the telephone interview, 86.8% for completing the mail questionnaire among the telephone respondents, with an overall survey response of 60.8%. 25 Our study uses data from the MIDUS random core sample (the Main Data) (our 1995-1996 25 We applied several restrictions on the analytic sample. We excluded 980 people who had incomplete or inconsistent data on discrimination-related questions.…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

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Perceptions of weight discrimination: prevalence and comparison to race and gender discrimination in America

2008

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Objective: Limited data are available on the prevalence and patterns of body weight discrimination from representative samples. This study examined experiences of weight/height discrimination in a nationally representative sample of US adults and compared their prevalence and patterns with discrimination experiences based on race and gender. Method and procedures: Data were from the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States, a 1995-1996 community-based survey of English-speaking adults aged 25-74 (N ¼ 2290). Reported experiences of weight/height discrimination included a variety of institutional settings and interpersonal relationships. Multivariate regression analyses were used to predict weight/height discrimination controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and body weight status. Results: The prevalence of weight/height discrimination ranged from 5% among men to 10% among women, but these average percentages obscure the much higher risk of weight discrimination among heavier individuals (40% for adults with body mass index (BMI) of 35 and above). Younger individuals with a higher BMI had a particularly high risk of weight/height discrimination regardless of their race, education and weight status. Women were at greater risk for weight/ height discrimination than men, especially women with a BMI of 30-35 who were three times more likely to report weight/height discrimination compared to male peers of a similar weight. Discussion: Weight/height discrimination is prevalent in American society and is relatively close to reported rates of racial discrimination, particularly among women. Both institutional forms of weight/height discrimination (for example, in employment settings) and interpersonal mistreatment due to weight/height (for example, being called names) were common, and in some cases were even more prevalent than discrimination due to gender and race.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of weight discrimination: prevalence and comparison to race and gender discrimination in America

2008

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“…This is a study of a nationally representative sample sponsored by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Successful Midlife Development (Brim et al, 2000). The MIDUS survey was administered to 7,189 noninstitutionalized, English-speaking adults between the ages of 25 and 74 years.…”

Section: Sample and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive Self, Self-Esteem, and Negative Affectivity: Relations at the Phenotypic and Genotypic Level.

Neiss¹,

Stevenson²,

Sedikides³

et al. 2005

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Complementary approaches examined the relations among executive self, self-esteem, and negative affectivity. A cross-sectional (N ϭ 4,242) and a longitudinal (N ϭ 158) study established that self-esteem mediated the relation between executive self and negative affectivity. A 3rd study (N ϭ 878 twin pairs) replicated this pattern and examined genetic and environmental influences underlying all 3 phenotypes. Covariation among the 3 phenotypes reflected largely common genetic influences, although unique genetic effects explained variability in both executive self and negative affectivity. Executive self was influenced by shared environmental influences unique from those affecting self-esteem and negative affectivity. Nonshared environmental influences accounted for the majority of variance in each construct and were primarily unique to each. The unique genetic and nonshared environmental influences support the proposition that the executive self, self-esteem, and negative affectivity capture distinct and important differences between people.

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“…The MIDUS is a nationally representative telephone and postal survey of 3,032 individuals in the civilian adult population of the United States, conducted by the John D. and Catherine D. MacArthur Foundation on Successful Midlife Development between January 1995 and January 1996 (Brim et al, 2000). Despite the somewhat dated nature of the MIDUS data, it was essential for the purposes of this investigation to obtain a database that was sufficiently large and representative enough to permit a generalizable analysis of the connections between affective dispositions and health.…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Respondents were drawn from a random-digit-dial sample of non-institutionalized, English-speaking adults, ages 25-74, selected from working telephone banks in the continental United States. Respondent information was obtained via the Midlife Development Inventory (MIDI) (Lachman & Weaver, 1998) and consisted of a 30-minute telephone interview (70% response rate), followed by completion of two mailed questionnaires (86.8% response rated among those who completed the telephone interview) estimated to take an average of 2 hours to complete, resulting in an overall response rate of 60.8% (Brim et al, 2000). Approximately 49% of the respondents were male, and the average age in the sample was 47.06 (SD = 13.12).…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Positive and Negative Affect and 12-Month Physical Disorders in a National Sample

Weiser

2012

J Clin Psychol Med Settings

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Associations between positive and negative affect and a range of 12-month physical disorders were investigated in the Midlife Development in the United States Survey, a nationally representative sample of 3,032 adults ages 25-74. These associations were examined, controlling for relevant sociodemographic and psychiatric covariates. High positive affect was associated with decreased risk of physical disorders, whereas high negative affect was associated with increased risk. However, associations between positive affect and physical disorders were partially attenuated following adjustment for concurrent negative affect. Additionally, high affect balance was associated with decreased risk of physical disorders before and after adjustments. These findings underscore the relevance of affective disposition in health status, suggesting that both positive and negative affect may serve as viable health risk parameters.

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National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS), 1995-1996

Cited by 55 publications

References 0 publications

Perceptions of weight discrimination: prevalence and comparison to race and gender discrimination in America

Perceptions of weight discrimination: prevalence and comparison to race and gender discrimination in America

Executive Self, Self-Esteem, and Negative Affectivity: Relations at the Phenotypic and Genotypic Level.

Associations Between Positive and Negative Affect and 12-Month Physical Disorders in a National Sample

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