National Trends in the Office-Based Prescription of Schedule II Opioids

Olfson, Mark; Wang, Shuai; Iza, Miren; Crystal, Stephen; Blanco, Carlos

doi:10.4088/jcp.13m08349

Cited by 53 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…In 2012, there were as many opioid prescriptions written (259 million) as there were adults in the US (Paulozzi, Mack, & Hockenberry, 2014). Prescriptions for opioids have increased significantly in adult (Mazer-Amirshahi, Mullins, Rasooly, van den Anker, & Pines, 2014) and pediatric emergency departments (Mazer-Amirshahi, Mullins, Rasooly, van den Anker, & Pines, 2014), and ambulatory settings (Olfson, Wang, Iza, Crystal, & Blanco, 2013). A study of trends in prescription medication use and abuse among college students found evidence for significant increases in prescriptions for stimulants and decreases in opioid prescriptions among college students from 2003-2013; during that time, rates of stimulant abuse increased, while rates of opioid abuse decreased (McCabe, West, Teter, & Boyd, 2014).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Prescription Drug Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

Prescription drug abuse: from epidemiology to public policy

McHugh

Nielsen

Weiss

2015

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment

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Prescription drug abuse has reached an epidemic level in the United States. The prevalence of prescription drug abuse escalated rapidly beginning in the late 1990s, requiring a significant increase in research to better understand the nature and treatment of this problem. Since this time, a research literature has begun to develop and has provided important information about how prescription drug abuse is similar to, and different from the abuse of other substances. This introduction to a special issue of the Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment on prescription drug abuse provides an overview of the current status of the research literature in this area. The papers in this special issue include a sampling of the latest research on the epidemiology, clinical correlates, treatment, and public policy considerations of prescription drug abuse. Although much has been learned about prescription drug abuse in recent years, this research remains in early stages, particularly with respect to understanding effective treatments for this population. Future research priorities include studies on the interaction of prescription drugs with other licit and illicit substances, the impact of prescription drug abuse across the lifespan, the optimal treatment for prescription drug abuse and co-occurring conditions, and effective public policy initiatives for reducing prescription drug abuse.

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Section: Epidemiology Of Prescription Drug Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

Prescription drug abuse: from epidemiology to public policy

McHugh

Nielsen

Weiss

2015

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment

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“…Higher utilization of primary care services and opioid and benzodiazepine medications makes the potential misuse of these medications among older adults in the primary care setting an important public health concern. 5–7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Opioid and Benzodiazepine Misuse in Older Adults

Maree

Marcum

Saghafi

et al. 2016

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

105

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Objectives We aimed to assess the prevalence of opioid and benzodiazepine prescription drug misuse in older adults, the risk factors associated with misuse, and age-appropriate interventions. Methods Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a literature search for reports on misuse of prescription benzodiazepines and opioids in older adults. We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE for peer reviewed journal articles in English through April 2014 with updates through November 2015. We reviewed relevant publications that included participants ≥ 65 years of age. We also manually searched reference lists of key identified articles and geriatric journals through April 2016. Information on the study design, sample, intervention, comparators, outcome, time frame, and risk of bias were abstracted for each article. Results Of 4932 reviewed reports, 15 were included in this systematic review. Thirteen studies assessed the prevalence of prescription drug misuse and included studies related to opioid shopping behavior, assessment of morbidity and mortality associated with opioid and/or benzodiazepine use, frequency and characteristics of opioid prescribing, frequency of substance use disorders and non-prescription use of pain relievers, and the health conditions and experiences of long-term benzodiazepine users. One study identified risk factors for misuse and one study described the effects of provider education and an electronic support tool as an intervention. Discussion There is a dearth of high quality research on prescription drug misuse in older adults. Existing studies are heterogeneous, making it difficult to draw broad conclusions. We discuss the need for further research specific to prescription drug misuse among older adults.

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“…Chronic pain is one of the most prevalent symptoms among older adults and affects this population more than any other age group (Weiner, 2007). A nearly 9-fold increase in opioid prescriptions from office-based medical visits by older adults occurred between 1995 and 2010, suggesting that physicians have pursued greater pain control in this population (Olfson et al, 2013). Due to the greater prevalence of chronic pain, older adults potentially may be more vulnerable to misuse of prescription opioids, such as taking higher than prescribed doses or taking for a longer duration http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.01.027 0376-8716/© 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%