In modern conditions, the problem of bacterial arthritis (BA) is very relevant. The leading etiological agent of BA is Staphylococcus aureus. The frequency of deaths in BA has not changed significantly over the past 25 years and is 5-15%. The article highlights current data on the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis of BA. Indications for open surgical drainage of an infected joint are presented. The main schemes of empirical and etiotropic antibacterial therapy of BA are presented.