Native plants fare better against an introduced competitor with native microbes and lower nitrogen availability

Shivega, W. Gaya; Aldrich‐Wolfe, Laura

doi:10.1093/aobpla/plx004

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…The only case with a statistical interaction between treatments was in the seeded grasses, which had higher percent cover in the inoculated plots only in the lower density forb seeding treatment. The result at high‐density seeding is in contrast to studies that have found benefits of inoculation to native prairie grasses used in our study, such as A. gerardii (Schultz et al ; Shivega & Aldrich‐Wolfe ; Weremijewicz et al ). However, these studies do not consider seeding density, and thus may be more comparable with the low‐density treatment.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Are two strategies better than one? Manipulation of seed density and soil community in an experimental prairie restoration

Lubin

Schultz

Bever

et al. 2019

Restoration Ecology

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Restoration practitioners have a variety of practices to choose from when designing a restoration, and different strategies may address different goals. Knowledge of how to best use multiple strategies could improve restoration outcomes. Here, we examine two commonly suggested strategies in a single tallgrass prairie restoration experiment: increased forb sowing density and prairie soil inoculation. We designed a study with two different forb seeding densities. Within these densities, we transplanted seedlings into 1‐m2 plots that had been grown in either a whole prairie soil inoculum or sterilized prairie soil. After 4 years, we found positive effects of both high forb sowing density and inoculation treatments on the ratio of seeded to nonseeded plant cover in these plots, and negative effects of both treatments on nonseeded plant diversity. No effects of either treatment were seen on seeded plant diversity. Each strategy also affected the plant community in different ways: high forb sowing density increased seeded forb richness and decreased native nonseeded plant cover, while inoculation decreased non‐native cover, and tended to increase average successional stage of the community. These effects on restoration outcome were typically independent of each other, with the result that plots with both manipulations had the most positive effects on restoration outcomes. We thus advocate the combined use of these restoration strategies, and further studies which focus on both seeding and soil community manipulation in restoration.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Are two strategies better than one? Manipulation of seed density and soil community in an experimental prairie restoration

Lubin

Schultz

Bever

et al. 2019

Restoration Ecology

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“…) from non‐native plants can cause significant changes to community structure and ecosystem functioning. Furthermore, there is also evidence that maintaining native biodiversity makes ecosystems more resilient (Shivega & Aldrich‐Wolfe ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is some evidence that invisible invaders (i.e., nonpathogenic invasive fungi) (Litchman 2010) and pathogenic invasive fungi (Fisher et al 2012) from non-native plants can cause significant changes to community structure and ecosystem functioning. Furthermore, there is also evidence that maintaining native biodiversity makes ecosystems more resilient (Shivega & Aldrich-Wolfe 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of next‐generation sequencing technologies to conservation of wood‐inhabiting fungi

Purahong

Wubet

Krüger

et al. 2019

Conservation Biology

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Next‐generation sequencing (NGS) has significantly increased knowledge of microbial communities and their distribution. However, it is still not common to apply NGS technology to microbial conservation. We sought to use NGS technologies to evaluate conservation strategies for wood‐inhabiting fungi. Evaluating a deadwood experiment 3 years after it was established, we specifically examined which tree species combinations promoted the highest richness of wood‐inhabiting fungi. Deadwood enrichment was an effective strategy and logs of 6 tree species, either those with the highest wood‐inhabiting fungal α and γ diversity or those with the highest β diversity, maintained >1,000 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) spread over a wide range of taxonomic groups. In comparison, a conservation strategy based only on the results of sporocarp surveys yielded 591 OTUs. This result highlights the need to use NGS approaches to inform microbial conservation strategies. We also determined that 5 tree species with the highest saproxylic beetle γ diversity simultaneously conserved wood‐inhabiting fungi. Apart from deadwood volume, we suggest data on deadwood quality and species also be included as indicators, especially for wood‐inhabiting fungal diversity, and incorporated quickly in forest assessment and monitoring systems in Central Europe.

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“…In a separate study, microbial taxa inhibited the allelopathic effect of the invader Alliaria petiolata on seedlings of the native plant Platanus occidentalis (Lankau, ). In pairwise competition experiments that compared performance of two native prairie plants ( Oligoneuron rigidum and Andropogon gerardii ) against one invader ( Carduus acanthoides ), the native plants fared better against the invader in the presence of a native microbial community (Shivega & Aldrich‐Wolfe, ). AM fungi increased the negative effects of the invader Centaurea maculosa on a native bunchgrass Festuca idahoensis (Marler et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil microbial communities may influence individual plant fitness, plant community succession, and invasion by acting as plant pathogens and mutualists (Moora & Zobel, 1996; van der Putten, Klironomos, & Wardle, 2007;Shivega & Aldrich-Wolfe, 2017). Mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing microbes are the two main groups of plant mutualists (van Kleunen et al, 2018).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A native parasitic plant and soil microorganisms facilitate a native plant co‐occurrence with an invasive plant

Oduor

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Invasive plants often interact with antagonists that include native parasitic plants and pathogenic soil microbes, which may reduce fitness of the invaders. However, to date, most of the studies on the ecological consequences of antagonistic interactions between invasive plants and the resident biota focused only on pairwise interactions. A full understanding of invasion dynamics requires studies that test the effects of multiple antagonists on fitness of invasive plants and co‐occurring native plants. Here, we used an invasive plant Mikania micrantha , a co‐occurring native plant Coix lacryma‐jobi, and a native holoparasitic plant Cuscuta campestris to test whether parasitism on M. micrantha interacts with soil fungi and bacteria to reduce fitness of the invader and promote growth of the co‐occurring native plant. In a factorial setup, M. micrantha and C. lacryma‐jobi were grown together in pots in the presence versus absence of parasitism on M. micrantha by C. campestris and in the presence versus absence of full complements of soil bacteria and fungi. Fungicide and bactericide were used to suppress soil fungi and bacteria, respectively. Findings show that heavy parasitism by C. campestris caused the greatest reduction in M. micrantha biomass when soil fungi and bacteria were suppressed. In contrast, the co‐occurring native plant C. lacryma‐jobi experienced the greatest increase in biomass when grown with heavily parasitized M. micrantha and in the presence of a full complement of soil fungi and bacteria. Taken together, our results suggest that selective parasitism on susceptible invasive plants by native parasitic plants and soil microorganisms may diminish competitive ability of invasive plants and facilitate native plant coexistence with invasive plants.

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Native plants fare better against an introduced competitor with native microbes and lower nitrogen availability

Cited by 21 publications

References 95 publications

Are two strategies better than one? Manipulation of seed density and soil community in an experimental prairie restoration

Are two strategies better than one? Manipulation of seed density and soil community in an experimental prairie restoration

Application of next‐generation sequencing technologies to conservation of wood‐inhabiting fungi

A native parasitic plant and soil microorganisms facilitate a native plant co‐occurrence with an invasive plant

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