Native Spleen Preservation During Visceral Transplantation Inhibits Graft-Versus-Host-Disease Development

Abstract

We aimed to assess whether native spleen preservation during visceral transplantation (VT) affects graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) incidence. Summary Background Data: GVHD is one of the most severe and frequently lethal hematological complications after VT procedures. Because there is no specific treatment for GVHD, it is imperative to develop a strategy to reduce donor lymphocyte engraftment and proliferation. Methods: Our study included both clinical and experimental data. A total of 108 patients were divided into 3 groups: a native spleen preservation group, a native spleen removal with no donor spleen group, and a donor spleen included (allogeneic spleen) group. We also used an allogeneic VT rat model, in which recipients were divided into 2 groups: a native spleen preservation (+SP) group and a native spleen removal (−S) group. Skin rash appearance, histopathological changes, chimerism, and spleen effects on circulating allogeneic T-cells were assessed. Results: The patients with native spleen preservation showed a lower rate of GVHD (P < .001) and better survival (P < .05) than those in the other groups. Skin and histological signs of GVHD were lower in the rats in the +SP group (P < .05). The donor T-cell frequency in the bloodstream and skin was also significantly reduced when the native spleen was preserved (P < .01 and P < .0001, respectively). Conclusions: The clinical and experimental data indicate that recipient spleen preservation protects against GVHD after VT, and donor cell clearance from the bloodstream by spleen macrophages could be the underlying mechanism. Therefore, spleen preservation should be considered in VT procedures, whenever possible.

Few amino acid mutations in H6 influenza A virus from South American lineage increase pathogenicity in poultry

“…Epithelial cells isolation from ileum from chickens. Single cell suspensions of 10 centimeters of ileum were prepared as described previously 42 . Briefly, intestinal sections from the ileum were rinsed, cut longitudinally and washed with cold PBS containing 1% antibiotics.…”

Few Amino Acid Mutations in H6 Influenza A Virus From South American Lineage Increase Viral Replication Efficiency in Poultry

“…Single cell suspensions of 10 centimeters of ileum were prepared as described previously ( Stringa et al, 2021 ). Briefly, intestinal sections from the ileum were rinsed, cut longitudinally, and washed with cold PBS containing 1% antibiotics.…”

Trasplante intestinal y multivisceral

“…La siguiente modificación técnica, la preservación del bazo nativo, se describió inicialmente en los receptores de trasplante multivisceral modificado, en los que el bazo se preserva junto con el hígado y el eje duodenopancreático; y a continuación en el trasplante multivisceral (14,15) , en el que el bazo se preserva de forma aislada con su pedículo, obligando al drenaje de la vena esplénica tras el implante, habitualmente a la cava infrahepática del injerto. Esta técnica ha demostrado reducir el riesgo de enfermedad de injerto contra receptor y otras complicaciones hematológicas, como las anemias autoinmunes.…”