Nativeness, Invasiveness, and Nation in Australian Plants

Head, Lesley; Muir, Pat

doi:10.1111/j.1931-0846.2004.tb00167.x

Cited by 111 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…L'environnement est, en effet, de plus en plus perçu comme dynamique et mouvant par les écologues, même sans influence de l'homme, ce qui invite à revisiter nos conceptions des écosystèmes fondées sur la représentation d'un passé désormais révolu, parfois même imaginé (Choi, 2007). Dans le champ même de l'écologie des invasions, certains auteurs évitent aujourd'hui de recourir à la discrimination conventionnelle entretenue par la biogéographie et les sciences de la conservation entre espèces indigènes et espèces introduites, considérant qu'une telle distinction demeure inopérante pour analyser des processus écolo-giques aux échelles globales et qu'elle relève bien plus de perspectives culturelles et de valeurs normatives que d'une qualité biologique inhérente à chacune de ces deux catégories (voir, par exemple, Rosenzweig, 2001 ;Slobotkin, 2001 ;Head et Muir, 2004). L'origine biogéo-graphique d'une espèce n'apparaît de surcroît nullement corrélée à une capacité à assurer un service écosysté-mique particulier ou à générer des effets importants sur l'environnement (Ewel et Putz, 2004 ;Gobster, 2005).…”

Section: Propositions En Faveur De Nouvelles Métaphoresunclassified

Pour une autre représentation métaphorique des invasions biologiques

Tassin

Kull

2012

Nat. Sci. Soc.

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Alors que les risques sanitaires liés à l'introduction en Europe d'organismes vecteurs de pathogènes sont pointés du doigt, le consortium Biodiversa, auquel participe l'Agence nationale de la recherche, vient encore de lancer son appel d'offres « Biodiversity research proposals on invasive species and biological invasions ». Cette question d'actualité a été abordée dans NSS sous divers angles, soulignant sa complexité. Ainsi Javelle et al. (NSS, 14, 3 [2006], 278-285), après avoir traité le cas de Prunus serotina se répandant dans la forêt de Compiègne, se sont déclarés bien désarmés : « Il n'y a pas -constatent-il -de pensée intégrative en mesure de déboucher sur une véritable stratégie d'action. » Ici, J. Tassin et C.A. Kull montrent à quel point le choix, dans les années 1950, du mot « invasion » a longtemps imposé aux écologues un regard négatif sur un phénomène dont la dangerosité pour les écosystèmes ne devrait être évaluée qu'au cas par cas avec une posture neutre. En soulignant le caractère d'« objet hybride » des espèces invasives, ils en appellent à une écologie « postmoderne » en autocritique sous le regard des sciences sociales. Cette proposition n'est pas pour déplaire à NSS. La RédactionRésumé -Les invasions biologiques apparaissent comme des « objets » hybrides combinant nature et culture, révélateurs d'une transformation des écosystèmes mais aussi des sociétés. La rhétorique associée recourt à des métaphores anxiogènes et anthropocentriques pouvant relever de quatre registres principaux : l'art militaire ; la santé ; le réflexe nationaliste ; les fondements culturels de nos sociétés. L'usage de la métaphore par les scientifiques et les gestionnaires est utile pour condenser et clarifier le discours. Il alimente néanmoins les confusions, décrédibilise le discours scientifique et transforme les invasions biologiques en abstractions globales qui ne sont plus pensées aux échelles locales et immédiates où ces invasions opèrent. Une alternative est proposée en faveur d'une réelle pluralité de métaphores qui puissent également intégrer des valeurs positives tenant, par exemple, de la multiculturalité, de la coexistence pacifique et même de la biodiversité.Abstract -Devising other metaphors for biological invasions. Biological invasions are hybrid "objects" that blend nature and culture. They may be considered as a construct, i.e. a term which has come to be used to describe the spread of alien plants and animals. This construct incorporates actual changes in biophysical nature as well as changes in human ideas about nature. Discourses on biological invasions are particularly rich in fear-mongering metaphors. Such metaphors occur because they serve as powerful discursive signals to convey a message to the public about the threats of invasive species to native biodiversity, landscape aesthetics, and economic productivity. We review four main categories of metaphors in discourses on biological invasions: military, health and disease prevention, nationalistic reflexes, and the cultural foundations of our so...

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Section: Propositions En Faveur De Nouvelles Métaphoresunclassified

Pour une autre représentation métaphorique des invasions biologiques

Tassin

Kull

2012

Nat. Sci. Soc.

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“…Ideas about belonging in Australia are marked by the uncanny (Gelder and Jacobs, 1998) -by histories and contemporary realities of Indigenous-settler relations (Gelder and Jacobs, 1998;Read, 2000;Rose, 2004;Sullivan, 2011) -and by contested concepts of nationhood and nature (Gibbs, 2009;Head and Muir, 2004;Lavau, 2011;Smith, 2011;Trigger et al, 2008. See also Ginn, 2008;Jazeel, 2005), all of which are predominantly framed at the national scale.…”

Section: Camel Assemblages: Impacts Belonging Distributive Agency Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Davis, 2009;Head and Muir, 2004;Larson, 2007;Sagoff, 2005;Simberloff, 2005;Warren, 2007). In a recent high profile article, Davis et al (2011, p153) urged: It is time for scientists, land managers and policy-makers to ditch this preoccupation with the native-alien dichotomy and embrace more dynamic and pragmatic approaches to the conservation and management of species -approaches better suited to our fast-changing planet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Camel country: Assemblage, belonging and scale in invasive species geographies

2015

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Invasive species and their impacts have become a focus of global environmental management. Invasive, alien and feral species are understood to represent destructive categories of organisms. However, in the context of contemporary environmental change and uncertainty, the native/alien dichotomy is no longer tenable as the basis for decision-making, and the focus on impacts presents an impasse in environmental management. The differential status of camels (Camelus dromedarius) over time and space illustrates the complexity of species management. In this paper we seek to move beyond the native/alien dichotomy, and disrupt the discourse of impacts, through an analysis of camel assemblages in Australia. We draw on assemblage thinking to critique the circumstances under which camels are deemed to belong, or not, and to reveal aspects of the camel story often ignored in its contemporary telling. We present three case studies: first, an historical case of the introduction of camels to Australia; second, camel management through a national-scale culling program; and third, relations between camels and 'weeds' in which camels are deemed simultaneously to belong and not belong. We argue that assemblage thinking disrupts fixed categories, and reveals agency beyond that of individual species, thus contributing to multi-scalar considerations. We find that camel belonging does not emerge from the animal or species itself, but is contingent. Finally, we argue that camel management is currently firmly imagined and enacted at the national scale, but in the context of contemporary environmental change invasive species management must take into account processes and relations across multiple scales. Invasive, alien and feral species are understood to represent destructive categories of organisms.However, in the context of contemporary environmental change and uncertainty, the native/alien dichotomy is no longer tenable as the basis for decision-making, and the focus on impacts presents an impasse in environmental management. The differential status of camels (Camelus dromedarius) over time and space illustrates the complexity of species management. In this paper we seek to move beyond the native/alien dichotomy, and disrupt the discourse of impacts, through an analysis of camel assemblages in Australia. We draw on assemblage thinking to critique the circumstances under which camels are deemed to belong, or not, and to reveal aspects of the camel story often ignored in its contemporary telling. We present three case studies: first, an historical case of the introduction of camels to Australia; second, camel management through a national-scale culling program; and third, relations between camels and 'weeds' in which camels are deemed simultaneously to belong and not belong. We argue that assemblage thinking disrupts fixed categories, and reveals agency beyond that of individual species, thus contributing to multi-scalar considerations. We find that camel belonging does not emerge from the animal or species itself, but is cont...

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“…Many Australians have understandings of urban nature that diverge from those of conservation professionals (Davison and Ridder 2006), or do not recognize invasive garden plants as a problem (Head and Muir 2004). Some urban natural areas can support high native biodiversity, but their long-term persistence is threatened by urban development and associated processes including garden plants escaping (Garden et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Garden-Related Environmental Behavior and Weed Management: An Australian Case Study

Gill

2015

Society & Natural Resources

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This study aims to identify the key drivers of two garden-related environmental behaviors (GEBs): plant choice and bush-friendly behavior. This is important for biodiversity conservation threatened by weed invasion from domestic gardens. The effects of self-control, time pressure, and knowledge of weed-control initiatives were examined. A mail survey was sent to suburban residents living adjacent to native bushland in Wollongong, New South Wales. Regression analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used. The path models for SEM were based on the theory of reasoned action. The results indicate that attitude, perceived harm, and knowledge of weed-control initiatives exert an effect on GEBs through intention; self-control influences intention to increase native garden plants; and time pressure influences bush-friendly behavior. The results emphasize the importance of searching for predictors that are specifically related to the examined behavior instead of only relying on a universal model to explain behavior. Behavior-intervention strategies for weed management are derived. It emphasizes the importance of searching for predictors that are specifically related to the examined behavior instead of only relying on a universal model to explain behavior. Behavior-intervention strategies for weed management are derived.

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Nativeness, Invasiveness, and Nation in Australian Plants

Cited by 111 publications

References 13 publications

Pour une autre représentation métaphorique des invasions biologiques

Pour une autre représentation métaphorique des invasions biologiques

Camel country: Assemblage, belonging and scale in invasive species geographies

Garden-Related Environmental Behavior and Weed Management: An Australian Case Study

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