Natural and Anthropogenic Factors Influencing the Pre-Spawn Migration of Steelhead Trout

Abstract

Migration can result in considerable exposure to both natural and anthropogenic stressors that can impact the ability of an anadromous fish to complete this critical component of their life-history. In this thesis I use a range of physiological and behavioural measures to evaluate natural and anthropogenic factors influencing the migration of wild adult migrating steelhead in the Bulkley River, British Columbia, including pathogens and fisheries captures. Steelhead appeared to be relatively resilient to pathogens and capture within fisheries, though I observed changes to their physiology, I am extremely grateful to have worked under the supervision of Dr. Steven J. Cooke and Dr. Andy J. Danylchuk over the last couple of years. I met Steve in 2015 when I took on a summer position in his lab during the last year of my undergraduate degree at Queen's University and was fortunate enough to be asked by Steve to complete a graduate degree in his lab. These last two years have been a truly valuable experience for me, as Steve has without-fail, provided me with every opportunity possible to develop and learn. My cosupervisor Andy was responsible for setting up these amazing projects in Smithers, British Columbia and taught me the importance of engaging stakeholders during the completion of a project. I am thankful for the efforts of my thesis committee members; Dr. Gabriel Blouin-Demers, and Dr. Michael Donaldson, who provided direction for my thesis as I came into the closing stages. I am thankful for all of the field support provided by Laura Elmer and Tyler Gagne. This work benefited immensely from the help of countless volunteers, but special mention must be given to