Natural and human influences on dissolved silica export from watershed to coast in Southeast China

Chen, Nengwang; Wu, Yu‐Ning; Wu, Jiezhong; Yan, Xiuli; Hong, Huasheng

doi:10.1002/2013jg002429

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Prior studies in temperate and sub‐tropical watersheds have found land cover to control DSi fluxes to coastal systems (Carey & Fulweiler, ; Chen et al, ; Clymans et al, ; Struyf et al, ). In lower latitude temperate and sub‐tropical systems, increasing forest cover is often associated with lower exports, which is attributed to sequestration of DSi in terrestrial vegetation (Carey & Fulweiler, ; Carey & Fulweiler, ; Chen et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior studies in temperate and sub-tropical watersheds have found land cover to control DSi fluxes to coastal systems (Carey & Fulweiler, 2012b;Chen et al, 2014;Clymans et al, 2016;Struyf et al, 2010). In lower latitude temperate and sub-tropical systems, increasing forest cover is often associated with lower exports, which is attributed to sequestration of DSi in terrestrial vegetation (Carey & Fulweiler, 2012b;Carey & Fulweiler, 2013;Chen et al, 2014). Contrary to these lower latitude systems, we find the opposite trend here, as increasing basin forest coverage is associated with significantly higher DSi concentrations and yields ( Figure S2), a signal that corresponds well with those from the sub-Arctic region just south of our study region (Phillips & Cowling, 2019).…”

Section: Hydrologic Versus Biologic Drivers Of Watershed Dsi Exportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Between 20% and 80% of DSi in soil solution has previously cycled through terrestrial vegetation (Alexandre et al, 1997;Clymans et al, 2016;Pokrovsky et al, 2013;Struyf & Conley, 2012;Zakharova et al, 2007), but DSi uptake by plants differs widely across species (Cornelis et al, 2010;Hodson et al, 2005). Thus, shifting vegetative cover alters rates of Si accumulation on terrestrial landscapes, which has been directly linked to altered riverine Si export from temperate (Carey & Fulweiler, 2012b;Conley et al, 2008;Struyf et al, 2010), subtropical (Chen et al, 2014), and tropical regions (McDowell et al, 2019). Standing water (e.g., lakes, ponds, wetlands) also retains Si on land, limiting export to downstream receiving waters (Humborg et al, 2000;Humborg et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arctic River Dissolved and Biogenic Silicon Exports—Current Conditions and Future Changes With Warming

Carey

Gewirtzman

Johnston

et al. 2020

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Silicon (Si) exports from terrestrial to marine systems can dictate phytoplankton species composition in Arctic coastal waters. Diatoms are often the dominant autotroph in Arctic waters, making Si an important control on Arctic marine primary productivity. Yet even as Arctic regions are among the fastest warming on Earth, we lack baseline knowledge on the magnitudes and controls of Arctic river Si exports. To address uncertainties in current and future Si behavior, we used a combination of field data and modeling to quantify daily yields of dissolved Si (DSi) and biogenic Si (BSi) from a 400 km space‐for‐time latitudinal gradient of seven basins across the boreal‐Arctic transition in Alaska (United States) over the course of 2 years (2015–2016). Mean annual DSi concentrations (33–149 μM) and yields (13–49 kmol km−2 year−1) were significantly and positively correlated with mean basin active layer depth, indicating that permafrost thaw will likely increase DSi fluxes to Arctic coastal waters. Conversely, BSi concentrations (7–16 μM) and yields (2.6–4.5 kmol km−2 year−1) were more uniform across the seven basins, indicating that warming may not substantially alter BSi loads to coastal systems in the near future. Our data also indicate that climatic warming will advance the timing of Si delivery to coastal waters in the spring, although the ratios of Si to nitrogen in Arctic river exports will likely remain steady. These results highlight the important role of basin hydrology, largely driven by permafrost extent, as a key driver of Si exchange at the land‐sea interface in the Arctic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydrologic Versus Biologic Drivers Of Watershed Dsi Exportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arctic River Dissolved and Biogenic Silicon Exports—Current Conditions and Future Changes With Warming

Carey

Gewirtzman

Johnston

et al. 2020

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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“…Because Si content varies with plant type, LULC is a critical determinant of the magnitude and timing of DSi export from terrestrial to aquatic systems Carey & Fulweiler 2013b). Thus, while geochemical factors undoubtedly play a key role in dictating Si fluxes (West, Galy & Bickle 2005;Jansen et al 2010), land cover can be on par in controlling DSi fluxes in temperate (Struyf et al 2010;Carey & Fulweiler 2012a) and tropical (Chen et al 2014) systems. For example, watersheds with aggrading forest cover export less DSi compared to their urban counterparts (Carey & Fulweiler 2012a), due in part to Si sequestration by vegetation (Conley 2002;Fulweiler & Nixon 2005;) and enhanced Si export from urban systems (Sferratore et al 2006).…”

Section: S I I N T E R R E S T R I a L P L A N T Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Carey & Fulweiler ) and tropical (Chen et al . ) systems. For example, watersheds with aggrading forest cover export less DSi compared to their urban counterparts (Carey & Fulweiler ), due in part to Si sequestration by vegetation (Conley ; Fulweiler & Nixon ; Cornelis et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human appropriation of biogenic silicon – the increasing role of agriculture

Carey

Fulweiler

2015

Functional Ecology

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Summary 1.Terrestrial plants create roughly 84 Tmol biogenic silicon (BSi) each year. This substantial uptake of dissolved silicon (DSi) by land plants represents an important, yet often overlooked, pathway of Si on the global scale. Agricultural crops account for~35% of BSi created by land plants globally due to a combination of large biomass and relatively high Si concentrations in the tissue of many crops. In this review, we investigate the global importance of terrestrial BSi fixation by agricultural crops. 2. Using annual data from 1961 to 2012 of the 10 most important crops (ranked by mass produced globally), we quantify how agriculture has altered the amount of BSi created on land. 3. Over this time period, average annual BSi production by the top 10 crops tripled globally, increasing by an additional 39 Gmol Si each year. We refer to this BSi in agricultural crops as human-appropriated biogenic Si (HABSi). Based on projected increases in human populations and land cover change, HABSi is projected to increase by 22-35% by 2050. 4. Human agricultural practices are increasing the size of relatively labile plant BSi pool on land. Considering its bioavailable nature, we suggest that increasing plant BSi on land has the capacity to alter Si availability in downstream receiving waters, although this depends on the fate of harvesting and threshing losses, which varies substantially across the globe. We highlight similarities between the N, P and Si cycles in agricultural settings, such as the often unidirectional flow of Si away from croplands (similar to N) and soil BSi depletion (similar to P). We then address how changing human diets will continue to alter plant BSi cycling in future decades.

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