Natural and land-use history of the Northwest mountain ecoregions (USA) in relation to patterns of plant invasions

Parks, Catherine G.; Radosevich, Steven R.; Endress, Bryan A.; Naylor, Bridgett J.; Anzinger, Dawn; Rew, Lisa J.; Maxwell, Bruce D.; Dwire, Kathleen A.

doi:10.1016/j.ppees.2005.09.007

Cited by 93 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The foothills of the Wallowa Mountains are mainly characterized by arid grassland and shrub steppe vegetation (Parks et al ., 2005) and are primarily influenced by farming activities and a few settlements. Low to mid-elevations (approximately 900-1600 m) are characterized by relatively open forest dominated by Pinus ponderosa and Pseudotsuga menziesii .…”

Section: Study Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seedling establishment of Asteraceae forbs along altitudinal gradients: a comparison of transplant experiments in the native and introduced ranges

Poll¹,

Naylor²,

Alexander³

et al. 2009

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim Since ecological and evolutionary context changes when a plant species is introduced to a new area, it can be assumed that responses of alien plants to changing conditions along environmental gradients differ from those in their native range. Even if seed availability is not limited, the distribution of alien plants along such a gradient might still be restricted by their ability to germinate and establish as seedlings. In the present study, we aim at testing what factors promote or limit plant invasions during early establishment by using altitude as a model gradient.Location Altitudinal gradients in the Wallowa Mountains (Oregon, USA) and the Swiss Alps (Valais, Switzerland).Methods In transplant experiments along altitudinal gradients, we investigated the early establishment success of eight invasive alien Asteraceae species in their native and introduced ranges in the Wallowa Mountains and the Swiss Alps.Results Seedling recruitment was not restricted to relatively lower altitudes in the introduced range. In addition, we found no evidence for genetic adaptation along the altitudinal gradient in the introduced range, highlighting the importance of phenotypic flexibility for invasions. Furthermore, seedling recruitment was only enhanced by disturbance in the native range where vegetation was comparably dense but not in the introduced range. However, plant development was strongly delayed in the introduced range, probably due to low seasonal water availability.Main Conclusions We conclude that introduced plants, due to their ability to tolerate a wide range of environmental conditions, are not necessarily more restricted in their altitudinal limits than they are in their native range. Furthermore, due to other interacting factors (e.g. different competition situations among ranges), attempts to predict distributions of alien plants in the introduced range that are based on their distributions in the native range may be misleading.

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Section: Study Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This zone is mostly used for cattle ranching and timber extraction. Above 1600 m, P. menziesii and Larix occidentalis dominate (Pohs, 2000;Parks et al ., 2005), and the timberline is reached at around 2600 m (Pohs, 2000). As in the Valais, high elevations are much less affected by human activities.…”

Section: Study Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seedling establishment of Asteraceae forbs along altitudinal gradients: a comparison of transplant experiments in the native and introduced ranges

Poll¹,

Naylor²,

Alexander³

et al. 2009

Diversity and Distributions

Self Cite

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“…Mountains are thought to be less vulnerable to biological invasions [39]. The factors considered responsible for that are severe climate, high cover by forest, and low human population [83]. Our results may indicate that stronger pest pressure can also limit biological invasions at higher altitudes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Do local enemies attack alien and native Impatiens alike?

2017

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The enemy release hypothesis (ERH) attributes the invasive behavior of some alien species to decreased pressure from natural enemies, as they have been left behind in the hosts' native range. The majority of research supports this idea, but some studies confirm it only partially or even contradict it. Here, we present the results of ERH tests of three Impatiens species studied in southern Poland in 2010-2011. Two of them are alien and invasive in Europe (Impatiens glandulifera, I. parviflora) and one is native (I. noli-tangere). We compared the three species in terms of the percentage of all leaves showing symptoms of disease and/or damage, and also the number of pests recorded on the monitored plants.In 1071 individual plant controls, we assessed 17 180 leaves, 7552 of which showed symptoms of disease/damage, and we recorded 5721 invertebrates, 5220 of them were pests. Rusts and spots were the predominant symptoms and Aphidoidea were the dominant group of pests. Comparisons of the two alien and one native Impatiens did not confirm the ERH in 90% of the performed tests. Most of the differences between the species were not significant, and most of the significant ones contradicted the ERH. The only results confirming the ERH were found in comparisons between I. parviflora and I. noli-tangere. The tests between two alien species showed that I. parviflora was under higher pest pressure, while I. glandulifera had more disease and damage symptoms, thus, plant-enemy relations differed between the two balsams. In summary, the presented results add evidence that the success of some alien species may depend on factors related to biotic and/or abiotic conditions in ways that are not explained by the enemy release hypothesis.

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“…Differences in most invaded habitats between regions can be interpreted by regional differences in climate, topography and geology (44), land-use history (45,46 ) and introduction history (47) but also by diff erences in databut also by differences in datasets (e.g. lack of urban habitats in Great Britain dataset, (18)) and scale of study (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alien species in different habitat types of Slovenia: analysis of vegetation database

Küzmič

Šilc

2017

Period. Biol.

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Natural and land-use history of the Northwest mountain ecoregions (USA) in relation to patterns of plant invasions

Cited by 93 publications

References 35 publications

Seedling establishment of Asteraceae forbs along altitudinal gradients: a comparison of transplant experiments in the native and introduced ranges

Seedling establishment of Asteraceae forbs along altitudinal gradients: a comparison of transplant experiments in the native and introduced ranges

Do local enemies attack alien and native Impatiens alike?

Alien species in different habitat types of Slovenia: analysis of vegetation database

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