Natural and para-natural kinds in psychiatry

Sabbarton-Leary, Nigel; Bortolotti, Lisa; Broome, Marion

doi:10.1093/med/9780199680733.003.0005

Cited by 5 publications

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Section: Consequences For Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Perhaps the most important impact that this epistemological turn can have on mental health interventions is that of moving away from understanding mental disorders as ‘natural kinds’ and towards an understanding of distress as a type of construct (Murphy, 2014; Sabbarton-Leary, Bortolotti and Broome, 2014). The dominant view (the ‘natural kind’ view) understands mental disorders as discrete, objective (mind-independent) entities marking a real division in nature between normal and abnormal psychology and between different diagnoses.…”

Section: Consequences For Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dominant view (the ‘natural kind’ view) understands mental disorders as discrete, objective (mind-independent) entities marking a real division in nature between normal and abnormal psychology and between different diagnoses. Different views have been proposed, ranging from calling mental disorders all and only those disorders that have biological causes (with the caveat that there are mental ‘harms’ – ‘para-natural kinds’, so to speak, that should be treated medically and/or psychologically) (Sabbarton-Leary et al, 2014; Stein, Palk and Kendler, 2021), to doing away with understanding distress through disease entities altogether (e.g. Read and Harper, 2022).…”

Section: Consequences For Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Read and Harper, 2022). The dominant view states that dispensing with diagnostic entities leads to a normative conundrum (Sabbarton-Leary et al, 2014) of the kind sketched by Engel (1977: 129): Psychiatry’s crisis revolves around the question of whether the categories of human distress with which it is concerned are properly considered ‘disease’ as currently conceptualized and whether exercise of the traditional authority of the physician is appropriate for their help functions. Medicine’s crisis stems from the logical inference that since ‘disease’ is defined in terms of somatic parameters, physicians need not be concerned with psychosocial issues which lie outside medicine’s responsibility and authority.…”

Section: Consequences For Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biocultural psychopathology as a new epistemology for mental disorders

Maximino

2023

Hist Psychiatry

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Psychopathology has been criticized for decades for its reliance on a brain-centred and over-reductionist approach which views mental disorders as disease-like natural kinds. While criticisms of brain-centred psychopathologies abound, these criticisms sometimes ignore important advances in the neurosciences which view the brain as embodied, embedded, extended and enactive, and as fundamentally plastic. A new onto-epistemology for mental disorders is proposed, focusing on a biocultural model, in which human brains are understood as embodied and embedded in ecosocial niches, and with which individuals enact particular transactions characterized by circular causality. In this approach, neurobiological bases are inseparable from interpersonal and socio-cultural factors. This approach leads to methodological changes in how mental disorders are studied and dealt with.

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Section: Consequences For Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Consequences For Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Consequences For Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Consequences For Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Biocultural psychopathology as a new epistemology for mental disorders

Maximino

2023

Hist Psychiatry

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“…ex., diagnóstico diferencial de transtorno depressivo maior vs. transtorno esquizoafetivo), ao mesmo em que se diferencia transtorno de patologia (p. ex., diferenciar transtorno de ansiedade social de timidez)(KENDELL; JA-BLENSKY, 2003;MURPHY, 2014;SABBARTON-LEARY;BORTOLOTTI;BROOME, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

O sofrimento psíquico na encruzilhada entre o mecanismo e a norma

Maximino

2024

Preprint

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Different conceptions of "health" and "illness" underlie medicalizing or critical perspectives in the field of mental health. In this essay, I analyze naturalistic (Boorse, Szasz) and normativist (Engelhardt Jr., Fulford, Goosens, Margolis) conceptions of health and mental disorder, pointing out the limits of these conceptions. From a critical approach to the "hybrid" theories (which point to the fundamental psychobiological materiality of disorders while maintaining that socially constructed evaluative judgments underlie every statement about "illness"), I argue that the status of disorder given to a set of symptoms is always entangled in a social, cultural and political dimension, and is not a "natural fact", even though it is metaphysically dependent on psychobiological processes. This metaphysical dependence is not only consistent with a biopsychosocial model, but also better adheres to the research data, while allowing for a normative or social constructionist dimension that is consistent with emancipatory projects.

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The crisis of confidence in the DSM paradigm and the future of psychiatric diagnosis

Maj¹

2015

Die Psychiatrie

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Natural and para-natural kinds in psychiatry

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Biocultural psychopathology as a new epistemology for mental disorders

Biocultural psychopathology as a new epistemology for mental disorders

O sofrimento psíquico na encruzilhada entre o mecanismo e a norma

The crisis of confidence in the DSM paradigm and the future of psychiatric diagnosis

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