Natural antibodies in sera from healthy humans to antigens on surfaces of type C RNA viruses and cells from primates.

Aoki, Tadao; Walling, M. J.; Bushar, Grace; Liu, M; Hsu, Keng-Fu

doi:10.1073/pnas.73.7.2491

Cited by 45 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…1,2,70,71 Additional studies could not confirm the previous findings, demonstrating that the observed seroreactivity to GaLV antigens was most likely nonspecific reactivity to cellular antigens contaminating the viral preparations or related antigens present in the fetal calf serum used for cell line maintenance. 59 In addition, testing using more sensitive PCR-based assays has not supported the serologic evidence of GaLV infection.…”

Section: Human Infection With Galvcontrasting

confidence: 47%

Implications of Simian Retroviruses for Captive Primate Population Management and the Occupational Safety of Primate Handlers

Murphy¹,

Miller²,

Ramer³

et al. 2006

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine

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Nonhuman primates can be naturally infected with a plethora of viruses with zoonotic potential, including retroviruses. These simian viruses present risks to both captive nonhuman primate populations and persons exposed to nonhuman primates. Simian retroviruses, including simian immunodeficiency virus, simian type D retrovirus, simian T-lymphotropic virus, and gibbon ape leukemia virus, have been shown to cause clinical disease in nonhuman primates. In contrast, simian foamy virus, a retrovirus that is highly prevalent in most nonhuman primates, has not been associated with clinical disease in naturally infected primates. Although it has been shown that human retrovirus infections with human T-lymphotropic virus and human immunodeficiency virus originated through multiple independent introductions of simian retroviruses into human populations that then spread globally, little is known about the frequency of such zoonotic events. In this article, exogenous simian retroviruses are reviewed as a concern for zoo and wildlife veterinarians, primate handlers, other persons in direct contact with nonhuman primates, and other nonhuman primates in a collection. The health implications for individual animals as well as managed populations in zoos and research institutions are discussed, the cross-species transmission and zoonotic disease potential of simian retroviruses are described, and suggestions for working safely with nonhuman primates are provided.

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Section: Human Infection With Galvcontrasting

confidence: 47%

Implications of Simian Retroviruses for Captive Primate Population Management and the Occupational Safety of Primate Handlers

Murphy¹,

Miller²,

Ramer³

et al. 2006

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine

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show abstract

“…Radioimmunoassays may be expected to be more sensitive than the neutralization tests applied in this study. Antibodies to SSV antigens were also found using cells productively infected with the virus, and studied by an indirect immunoelectron microscopy assay (Aoki et al 1976 ). In contrast, radioimmunoassays with the purified proteins p3o and gp7 o of SSV did not detect precipitating antibodies in various groups of patients, including 35 cases of lupus erythematosus (Stephenson & Aaronson, 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Neutralization of Mason-Pfizer Virus by Sera from Patients Treated for Renal Disease

Thiry

Sprecher-Goldberger

Bossens

et al. 1978

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYSera from 67 patients treated for renal diseases were assayed by as many as three different tests for activities against Mason-Pfizer virus (M-P V) antigens. Firstly, in patients studied before kidney transplantation, neutralizing activity against syncytium-forming units of M-P V was found in 5o ~ of z4 cases of chronic glomerulonephritis but in only Io ~ of zo cases with other diseases (P < o'o0. These proportions were higher after treatments accompanying transplantation since, of the I9 patients without antibodies before graft, 53 ~ showed a seroconversion after this treatment. The incidence ofM-P V antibodies did not correlate with the number of transfusions received by the patients. Neither did these antibodies correlate with the presence of antibodies to antigens associated with baboon endogenous virus or simian sarcoma virus; antibodies to the latter two viruses were found in 6 to 2i ~ of the sera, with no specific distribution among the sera. Secondly, pseudotypes of vesicular stomatitis virus with M-P V antigens in their envelope were prepared; they were inactivated by 9o ~ of the sera which neutralized M-P V syncytium forming units and by none of the negative sera. Thirdly, specific complement-dependent cytotoxic antibodies to HeLa cells producing M-P V were also found in 61 ~ of the sera with neutralizing activity to M-P V and only in 12 ~ of the sera which did not neutralize M-P V. Absorption experiments indicated that the serum activities against M-P V associated antigens were not due to anticellular antibodies directed against normal constituents of human cells. However, no evidence has been provided that the M-P V associated antigens reacting with the human sera were virus coded.

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“…Again autoantibodies to retrovi ruses [37,38] or tumor antigens [39] are excluded from consideration. The classical autoimmune human diseases in which au toantibodies and immune complexes are known to play a key etiologic role [cf.…”

Section: Autoantibodies In Humans: Occurrence and Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis: Implications Based on Its Multifactorial Etiology

Murphy¹

1983

Pathol Immunopathol Res

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Natural antibodies in sera from healthy humans to antigens on surfaces of type C RNA viruses and cells from primates.

Cited by 45 publications

References 25 publications

Implications of Simian Retroviruses for Captive Primate Population Management and the Occupational Safety of Primate Handlers

Implications of Simian Retroviruses for Captive Primate Population Management and the Occupational Safety of Primate Handlers

Neutralization of Mason-Pfizer Virus by Sera from Patients Treated for Renal Disease

Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis: Implications Based on Its Multifactorial Etiology

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