Natural Chalcones and Derivatives in Colon Cancer: Pre-Clinical Challenges and the Promise of Chalcone-Based Nanoparticles

Abstract

Colon cancer poses a complex and substantial global health challenge, necessitating innovative therapeutic approaches. Chalcones, a versatile class of compounds with diverse pharmacological properties, have emerged as promising candidates for addressing colon cancer. Their ability to modulate pivotal signaling pathways in the development and progression of colon cancer makes them invaluable as targeted therapeutics. Nevertheless, it is crucial to recognize that although chalcones exhibit promise, further pre-clinical studies are required to validate their efficacy and safety. The journey toward effective colon cancer treatment is multifaceted, involving considerations such as optimizing the sequencing of therapeutic agents, comprehending the resistance mechanisms, and exploring combination therapies incorporating chalcones. Furthermore, the integration of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems presents a novel avenue for enhancing the effectiveness of chalcones in colon cancer treatment. This review delves into the mechanisms of action of natural chalcones and some derivatives. It highlights the challenges associated with their use in pre-clinical studies, while also underscoring the advantages of employing chalcone-based nanoparticles for the treatment of colon cancer.

Flavonoids and Flavonoid-Based Nanoparticles for Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis Management

“…Flavonoids, despite their promising anti-inflammatory properties, present several challenges that researchers have been actively addressing in order to optimize their therapeutic potential [10]. One significant hurdle is their limited bioavailability, which restricts their efficacy in vivo [10,15]. Flavonoids often exhibit poor solubility, stability, and a rapid metabolism, leading to reduced concentrations at the target site.…”

“…Flavonoids often exhibit poor solubility, stability, and a rapid metabolism, leading to reduced concentrations at the target site. Additionally, their susceptibility to degradation in the gastrointestinal tract poses a challenge to their absorption [15]. These issues have spurred the exploration of innovative strategies to enhance the delivery and effectiveness of flavonoids in anti-inflammatory applications.…”

“…Moreover, the interest of scientists in harnessing the advantages of nanoparticle technology to enhance the innate benefits of phytochemicals takes the center stage [10,12,13]. The unique properties of nanoparticles, including their improved bioavailability and targeted delivery, offer a promising avenue for overcoming the challenges associated with traditional treatments [10,14,15]. As we navigate through the review, we will explore how these nanoscale formulations may amplify the therapeutic impact of flavonoids, potentially mitigating the limitations associated with current arthritis interventions.…”