Natural clearance of hepatitis C virus in hemophilia patients

Sīmanis, Raimonds; Lejniece, Sandra; Sochnevs, Arturs; Eglīte, Jeļena; Chernevska, Gunta; Kovalova, Zhanna; Gardovska, Dace; Jēruma, Agita; Kuse, V.; Vīksna, Ludmila

doi:10.3390/medicina44010003

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In our patients with positive anti-HCV, the spontaneous elimination rate of HCV RNA (29.6%) was similar to that found in other publications (2, 26, 27). The predominant HCV genotype was 1 (65.1%), which is the most common genotype in the general Polish population (28).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Co-Infection of the Hepatitis C Virus With Other Blood-Borne and Hepatotropic Viruses Among Hemophilia Patients in Poland

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe prevalence of HCV infection in people with hemophilia is substantially higher than that in the general population (63% - 98%). Multiple transfusions and substitutive therapy have also been linked to a high risk of HBV and HIV transmission. However, the prevalence of other blood-borne viral infections in this population is less well known.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the prevalence of co-infection with HBV and other blood-borne viruses in Polish HCV-infected hemophiliacs.MethodsSeventy-one individuals, the majority of whom were male (94.36%), who had congenital bleeding disorders (60 had hemophilia A, five had hemophilia B, and six had other factor deficiencies) and HCV infection, which was defined as the presence of positive anti-HCV antibodies, were included in this study. The study group was divided into two subgroups according to the year in which blood donors were first tested for HBsAg in Poland. The serological markers were screened using commercially available enzyme immunoassays according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The molecular tests were performed using real-time PCR technology with commercial assays according to the manufacturer’s instructions.ResultsThe spontaneous elimination rate of HCV RNA was 29.6%. The HCV genotype 1 was detected in 28 patients (65.1%), genotype 2 in one patient (2.3%), genotype 3 in 11 patients (25.6%), genotype 4 in two patients (4.7%), and a mixed infection with genotypes 1 and 4 was detected in one person (2.3%). Fifty-three patients (74.6%) were anti-HBc positive. Among the seven HBsAg(+) patients, three individuals were HBV-DNA positive. No occult hepatitis B was detected. In six HBsAg positive patients, the HCV RNA was positive, while one patient was also infected with HIV. The prevalence rate of past infection with HAV in the study group was 30.9%, with a tendency for a higher prevalence in older patients. The prevalence of CMV and EBV infection was high and similar to that seen in the general population. All the patients were HGV and HTLV-1 negative.ConclusionsThe diagnostics and management of infections with hepatotropic viruses, particularly HBV, are neglected in hemophilic patients. All patients with coagulation disorders and a history of exposure to non-inactivated blood products should be screened for blood-borne infections. The prevalence of other potentially blood-borne viral infections exhibited a pattern similar to that observed in the general population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Co-Infection of the Hepatitis C Virus With Other Blood-Borne and Hepatotropic Viruses Among Hemophilia Patients in Poland

et al. 2016

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“…In particular, many studies define HCV-infected infants through the persistence of anti-HCV after 18 months of age [8,20,29] (by which point all passively transferred maternal anti-HCV has generally been lost). Spontaneous HCV clearance can occur in 25%-30% of children [29,48]. In our study, we cannot exclude the possibility that we underestimated the rate of MTCT of HCV by missing subjects who spontaneously cleared the HCV virus before the first sample was obtained at 6-12 weeks of age.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 39%

“…The presence of transient viremia should be regarded as a consequence of spontaneous viral clearance after MTCT [31,36,46]. Most studies have not been able to establish a clear association between HCV genotype and MTCT [26,47,48]. One study suggested that genotypes 1b and 3a are associated with MTCT of HCV, although they were also more prevalent in HCV/HIV-coinfected mothers [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Among HIV/HCV-Coinfected Women

Cabot

Stoszek

Quarleri

et al. 2012

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

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Background. Maternal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection has been associated with increased hepatitis C virus (HCV) mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). We hypothesized that HCV/HIVcoinfected women with well-controlled HIV disease would not have increased HCV MTCT. Methods. The NISDI Perinatal and LILAC cohorts enrolled HIV-infected pregnant women and their infants in Latin America and the Caribbean. This substudy evaluated the HCV infection status of mothers at participating sites and their live born, singleton infants who had a 6-month postnatal visit by December 31, 2008. Mothers who were anti-HCV-positive, or who had CD4 counts (cells/mm 3 ) <200 with detectable HCV RNA, were considered HCV-infected. All HCV-infected women were tested for HCV RNA. Infants with HCV RNA were considered HCV-infected. Results. Of 1042 enrolled women, 739 (71%) mother-infant pairs met the inclusion criteria. Of the 739 women, 67 (9%) were anti-HCV-positive and 672 anti-HCV-negative [68 (10%) with CD4 counts <200; of these, 3 (4.4%) were HCV RNA-positive]. Therefore, our study population comprised 70 HCV-infected (47 with HCV RNA) and 669 HCV-uninfected women (and their infants). Factors associated with maternal HCV infection included unemployment (odds ratio [OR] = 2.58

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“…Our data support the suggestion that acquiring HCV infection at younger ages is associated with a greater level of clearance of the virus than in adults. 10,28 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and risk factors for community-acquired hepatitis C infection from birth to 5 years of age in rural Egyptian children

Saleh

Shebl

El-Kamary

et al. 2010

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygi

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A prospective study in three Egyptian villages (A, B and C) having a high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection examined incidence of community-acquired HCV infection in children; 2852 uninfected infants were prospectively followed from birth for up to 5.5 years. Fifteen seroconverted for either HCV antibodies and/or HCV-RNA (incidence of 0.53%). Ten had both anti-HCV and HCV-RNA; four had only anti-HCV; and one had HCV-RNA in the absence of antibody. The incidence rate at all ages was 2.7/1000 person-years (PY). It was 3.8/1000 PY during infancy and 2.0/1000 PY for the 1–5-years age group. Hospitalization and low birth weight increased the risk of infection; while living in village B, the family having a higher socioeconomic status, and advanced maternal education were protective. Six of eight HCV-infected infants reported iatrogenic exposures (e.g. hospitalization, therapeutic injections, ear piercing) prior to infection whereas only 2/7 children older than 1 year reported these exposures. Having an HCV-positive mother was the only other reported risk in two of these older children. The virus cleared in six (40%) children by the end of follow-up. Health education targeting iatrogenic exposures and focusing on risk factors could reduce HCV infection in children in high-risk populations.

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Natural clearance of hepatitis C virus in hemophilia patients

Abstract: Summary. Objective. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of HCV (hepatitis C virus) infection in hemophilia patients in

Cited by 16 publications

References 23 publications

Co-Infection of the Hepatitis C Virus With Other Blood-Borne and Hepatotropic Viruses Among Hemophilia Patients in Poland

Co-Infection of the Hepatitis C Virus With Other Blood-Borne and Hepatotropic Viruses Among Hemophilia Patients in Poland

Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Among HIV/HCV-Coinfected Women

Incidence and risk factors for community-acquired hepatitis C infection from birth to 5 years of age in rural Egyptian children

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