Natural Co-occurrence of Fumonisins and Zearalenone in Cereals and Cereal-Based Foods from Eastern and Southern Africa

Doko, M. Bruno; Canet, Clémence; Brown, Neil Andrew; Sydenham, Eric W.; Mpuchane, S.; Siame, Bupe A.

doi:10.1021/jf960257+

Cited by 89 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This result was similar to the studies carried out by Soares and Rodriguez-Amaya (45) Zearalenone has been found in maize in many parts of the world (10,29,40,47). It is notorious that countries with hot climate have not been presented problems concerned to contamination by ZEA with maize.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and zearalenone in maize-based food products

Sekiyama

Ribeiro

Machinski

et al. 2005

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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The occurrence of aflatoxins B1 (AFB1), B2 (AFB2 ), G1 (AFG1 ) and G2 (AFG2 ), ochratoxin A (OA) and zearalenone (ZEA) was evaluated in 121 maize-based food samples collected in the commerce of Maringá City, Paraná State, Brazil. The study was carried out between January 2002 and February 2003. Thin-layer chromatographic method was used to determine the mycotoxins. The recovery averages were 106.6%, 109.4%, 106.6%, 109.4%, 101.8% and 101.7% to AFB 1 , AFB 2 , AFG 1 , AFG 2 , OA and ZEA, respectively. Three samples (2.5%) were positive to AFB1 (8 to 59 μg/kg), two (1.7%) to AFB2 (2.4 μg/kg), one (0.8%) to OA (64 μg/kg) and one (0.8%) to ZEA (448 μg/kg). The greater frequency of positive samples and also the highest concentration of AFB1 were found in popcorn samples (8.3%, 59 μg/kg). The data showed a low frequency of mycotoxins in products based on maize traded in Maringá, but the Probable Average Daily Intake (PDI) of AFB1 in them was high. Therefore, it is necessary to accomplish an active vigilance of these mycotoxins in such food products in order to provide safety to Brazilian people health.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and zearalenone in maize-based food products

Sekiyama

Ribeiro

Machinski

et al. 2005

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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“…As with China, there has been a modest change in the ratio of maize production to that of the other staple crops (sorghum, millet, rice). However, of these, maize is uniquely susceptible to fumonisin, DON and zearalenone and co-exposures with aflatoxin are certainly common (Doko et al 1996;Ngoko et al 2001) Africa has become extremely vulnerable to exposure from mycotoxins found in maize (Riley and Miller 2003;Azziz-Baumgartner et al 2005). China is producing sufficient food for residents of rural areas to purchase food (Gale et al 2005), which means that diets are much more diverse in China compared to Africa.…”

Section: Exposure To Maize and Wheat Borne Toxins Is Increasingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxins in small grains and maize: Old problems, new challenges

Miller

2008

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A

204

135

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This paper reviews the challenges relating to chronic contamination of small grains and maize with deoxynivalenol and related compounds, fumonisin and the use of ensiled cereals in cool dairy areas. Uncertainties in the tolerable daily intakes for deoxynivalenol and fumonisin are discussed as they have the potential to affect current regulatory limits. In addition, climate change is resulting in more extreme rainfall and drought events which favour formation of deoxynivalenol and fumonisin, respectively. The development and refinement of models for predicting mycotoxin accumulation from weather data will become an essential tool for managing these events. Such models are also important for providing timely food aid to developing countries, which experience increased occurrence of acute toxicities, especially in children. Chronic contamination of silage in some areas with some Penicillium toxins deserves more attention in terms of their economic effects and possible implications for the purity of milk.

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“…[101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109]. Poultry feed investigated in china was contaminated with 1854.3mg/kg (37).…”

Section: Occurrence Of Fumonisinmentioning

confidence: 99%