Natural convection heat transfer from horizontal cylinders to air, water and silicone oils for rayleigh numbers between 3 × 102 and 2 × 107

Numerical investigation of the laminar natural convection heat transfer from two horizontally attached horizontal cylinders

“…What the most important is that no correlations for predicting the heat transfer rate of the horizontal array of cylinders set in contact. The derivation of heat transfer dimensionless correlating equations is a key issue in natural convection, either for a single cylinder [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] or multiple cylinders [24-26,29-33,3 9-41]. Moreover, such extreme case is commonly encountered in electronic cooling device and the various gun barrels, e.g., double-barreled shotgun, antiaircraft gun, rocket artillery and naval gun.…”

“…In the early stage of the field, most of researchers concentrate on the investigations of the flow and heat transfer characteristics for a single cylinder in free space [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], on account of their fundamental significances. They mainly concerned about the correlating equations for the average Nusselt number as a function of Rayleigh number, or both Rayleigh number and Prandtl number, to provide an accurate prediction on the heat transfer coefficients in the process of engineering calculations.…”

Application of artificial neural networks for prediction of natural convection from a heated horizontal cylinder

“…Raithby and Hollands [5] studied heat transfer over elliptic cylinders of arbitrary eccentricity at a constant surface temperature, and proposed correlations for laminar and turbulent natural convection. Fand et al [11] developed Raithby and Hollands' [5] and evaluated fluid properties at mean film reference temperature t f = t ∞ + j(t w − t ∞ ); j = 0.5 in their study. Fujii et al [12] studied experimentally the free convection from horizontal cylinder in water, spindle oil and mobeltherm oil and defined a reference temperature: t j = t ∞ + j(t w − t ∞ ); 0 ≤ j ≤ 1.…”

Experimental and numerical studies of natural convection from horizontal concrete cylinder heated with a cylindrical heat source

“…Misumi et al [7] stated that the previous empirical correlations, such as McAdams [9] and Kutateladze [10], may not predict the Nusselt numbers correctly owing to the insufficient experimental apparatus and measurement techniques. Fand et al [11] improved Raithby and Hollands' [6] correlation and evaluated fluid properties at mean film reference temperature. Fujii et al [12] studied free convection from horizontal cylinder in water and different kinds of oils.…”