Natural Convection in Porous Media with Heat Generation

Assessment of the FBR Core Disruptive Accident (CDA): The Role and Application of General Behavior Principles (GBPs).

“…Consistent with experimental observations, [21][22][23][24] dryout in stationary particle beds is taken to coincide with the onset of fluidization of the liquid within the bed. This condition implies to the liquid clinging on to the wetted particles as compared to the particles themselves, i.e., the fluidization point can be determined by considering the bed consisting of liquid droplets whose diameter equals that of the particles.…”

“…(2) Fuel Debris Bed Dryout Limits A number of relatively complex models have been presented to predict dryout limits in fuel particle beds. [21][22][23][24] Conin-vessel fuel debris retention in connection with the CDA. At the high temperatures of interest, i.e., up to 2,800…”

The impact of thermal non-equilibrium and large-scale 2D/3D effects on debris bed reflooding and coolability

“…One of the first forms of momentum balance equations for debris beds was proposed by Hardee and Nilson (1977). Modifications were introduced by several authors to take into account additional effects.…”

“…In most cases, onedimensional debris beds were considered (Lipinski, 1984). A few interesting experimental studies of two-dimensional effects were done in parallel (Lee and Nilson, 1977;Hardee and Nilson, 1977). Recently, two-dimensional effects have been studied in more details, either experimentally (Décossin, 2000;Atkhen and Berthoud, 2003) or numerically (Mayr et al, 1998;Béchaud et al, 2001).…”

A parametric study of boiling in a porous bed

“…Boiling heat transfer in a porous medium occurs in various engineering developments -for instance, in the utilization of geophysical energy [1], in the study of potential nuclear power accidents [2] and in the settlement of solid impurities in boilers [3]. Boiling can result from internal heat sources or from heat transfer from immersed surfaces.…”