In the 21st century, global agriculture confronts the
urgent challenge
of increasing food production by 70% by 2050 while simultaneously
addressing environmental and health concerns. Plastics, integral to
agricultural innovation, present sustainability challenges due to
their non-biodegradable nature and contribution to pollution. This
perspective examines the transition to bioplastics, emphasizing their
bio-based origin and their crucial characteristic of being readily
biodegradable in the soil. Key bioplastics such as poly(lactic acid)
(PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), and biomass-derived polymers
are discussed, particularly regarding the microplastic generation
in soil resulting from their use in specific applications like mulch
films, delivery systems, and soil conditioners. Embracing bioplastics
signifies a significant step forward in achieving sustainable agriculture
and addressing plastic waste. However, it is highlighted that while
some bioplastics can be recovered and recycled, special applications
where the plastic is in intimate contact with soil pose challenges
for recovery. In these cases, that represent more than the 50% of
plastics used in agriculture, meticulous design for biodegradation
in soil synchronized with agricultural cycles is necessary. This approach
ensures minimal environmental impact and promotes a circular approach
to plastic use in agriculture.