Natural Distribution of Hymenopteran Parasitoids of Spodoptera Frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae in Mexico

Survey for Hymenopteran and Dipteran Parasitoids of the Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Chiapas, Mexico

“…A phorid parasitoid, M. scalaris, emerged from pupae of FAW from five localities, and caused a percent parasitism of 1.04% (Table 1). Something to highlight is that the complex of the genus Archytas totalized 3.04% of parasitism, almost comparable to the percent parasitism caused by E. plathypenae (3.53%) a eulophid parasitoid frequently reported in previous surveys conducted in Mexico (Molina-Ochoa et al 2001, 2004. The braconids were more frequently recovered from young instars of FAW collected from corn plants in the V2-V3 stage of growth; most ichneumonids were recovered from third to fifth instars parasitizing corn plants in the growth stages from V2-V4, and the dipteran parasitoids were recovered from last instars and pupae obtained from corn plants in V3-V5 (Table 1).…”

“…They maintained that there is a need to understand, promote and maximize the effectiveness of indigenous populations of natural enemies, then based on the knowledge and results of these actions, we should supplement any gaps by importation. In accordance with Lewis et al (1997), and as a result of economic and environmental concerns, surveys for natural enemies of the FAW, particularly, pathogens, parasitoids and parasites, occurring in the Americas, and the Caribbean Basin have been conducted to develop a better understanding of this complex (Molina-Ochoa et al 2001, 2003a, 2004.…”

Natural Enemies of the Fall ArmywormSpodoptera frugiperda(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Coahuila, México

“…This has led to the search of other options to manage S. frugiperda including use of natural enemies. Twenty two species of natural enemies have been reported in various parts of México (Molina-Ochoa et al 2004). Our objectives were to identify the natural enemies of the FAW and the level of parasitism in the area of Buenavista, Coahuila, México.…”

Ecological correlates of the non-indigenous parasitoid assemblage associated with a Hawaiian endemic moth

“…Table 1), solid arrows represent species (species codes are detailed in Table 2), dashed arrows represent environmental variables Elevation The purposely introduced species C. marginiventris and M. laphygmae were mainly associated with U. stellata at medium and high elevation sites. These polyphagous species, which can occur across a long elevation gradient (Molina-Ochoa et al 2004;Peck et al 2008), were originally released to control the sugarcane pest Spodoptera exempta (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in low-elevation agricultural lands and were effective in controlling the intended target host (Lai 1988). Cotesia marginiventris and M. laphygmae have also been implicated in attacks on many nontarget species in remote native habitats in Hawaii (Funasaki et al 1988;Henneman and Memmott 2001).…”