Natural environment statistics in the upper and lower visual field are reflected in mouse retinal specializations

Qiu, Yongrong; Zhao, Zhijian; Klindt, David A.; Kautzky, Magdalena; Szatko, Klaudia P.; Schaeffel, Frank; Rifai, Katharina; Franke, Katrin; Busse, Laura; Euler, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.05.017

Cited by 61 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…It may be to distinguish monochromatic UV contrast from chromatic UV-green contrast. UV radiation alone is heavily scattered by the atmosphere and readily absorbed by most surfaces, which allows for "silhouette detection" in the upper visual field 5 . But without rods to "paint" less threatening objects green, little may be discerned in a more cluttered upper field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But why would UV-visible color vision be specialized for the upper visual field? UV radiation is heavily scattered by the atmosphere and readily absorbed by most surfaces, which allows for "silhouette detection" in the upper visual field during daylight 5 . At twilight, rods are modulated by green reflection off plant matter, thus allowing improved discrimination from predators 5 .…”

Section: Why Uv-green Color Opponency In the Mouse?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…UV radiation is heavily scattered by the atmosphere and readily absorbed by most surfaces, which allows for "silhouette detection" in the upper visual field during daylight 5 . At twilight, rods are modulated by green reflection off plant matter, thus allowing improved discrimination from predators 5 . In contrast, light received in the lower half of the visual field is all reflected, and thus filtered of the ambient UV.…”

Section: Why Uv-green Color Opponency In the Mouse?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At least 10 minutes before recording, the pupil was fully dilated with 1% tropicamide, and the retina was adapted to the gray background of the stimuli. The gray background is estimated to yield approximately 200x10 5 photoisomerizations/rod/sec, calculated below. In a prior study, we found that this rod isomerization rate yields V1 responses that are mediated by both rods and cones 15 .…”

Section: In Search Of Double-opponency and Bandpass Tuning For Chromatic Edgesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Joint representations of color and form in mouse visual cortex described by random pooling from rods and cones

Rhim

Nauhaus

2021

Preprint

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An image projected onto the retina is composed of local contrasts in color and brightness, both of which can aid in any visual perception task. Recent investigations of the mouse ventral retina demonstrate that rod and cone responses are combined to detect changes between UV and green light, thus providing a new model for color vision. An important question is how the spatial representations of both color and brightness contrast are transformed by downstream circuits. Its known that SF tuning of brightness contrast is sharpened at the level of mouse primary visual cortex, yet color contrast is untested. Here, we presented sinewave gratings that drive one of four axes of rod and cone contrast space, including brightness contrast (rod+cone) and color contrast (rod-cone). We find that V1 neurons are tuned to higher spatial frequencies of brightness contrast than color contrast, and are most responsive to color at the lowest spatial frequencies. These results are consistent with a model of single-opponency between rods and cones, but do not match its classic description. The data can instead be described by a simple model of convergent ON and OFF inputs to V1, which randomly pool discrete quantities of each photoreceptor class. Unlike classic depictions of single-opponency, this model requires minimal constraints on the circuit, accounts for our observed bandpass spatial frequency tuning of rod and cone isolating contrast, and is consistent with recent studies showing unselective pooling from photoreceptors in the retina.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Why Uv-green Color Opponency In the Mouse?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Why Uv-green Color Opponency In the Mouse?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Search Of Double-opponency and Bandpass Tuning For Chromatic Edgesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Joint representations of color and form in mouse visual cortex described by random pooling from rods and cones

Rhim

Nauhaus

2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Recently, its role in sensory processing and also its participation in higher cognitive functions regained attention because modern genetic tools and sophisticated behavioral measurements became available (Basso and May, 2017; Zhao et al, 2014; Basso et al, 2021; Cang et al, 2018; De Franceschi and Solomon, 2018; Evans et al, 2018; Ito and Feldheim, 2018; Reinhard et al, 2019; Sans-Dublanc et al, 2021; Savier et al, 2019; Villalobos et al, 2018; Zhang et al, 2019). However, it is still not well understood how sensory information from the complex and dynamic visual environment of the entire visual field (Qiu, et al, 2021) is represented at the population level within SC and what role the different cell-types play in extracting and representing behaviorally relevant information (Gale and Murphy, 2014; Hoy et al, 2019; Sans-Dublanc et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tangential high-density electrode insertions allow to simultaneously measure neuronal activity across an extended region of the visual field in mouse superior colliculus

Sibille

Gehr

Teh

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The superior colliculus (SC) is a midbrain structure that plays a central role in visual processing. Although we have learned a considerable amount about the function of single SC neurons, the way in which sensory information is represented and processed on the population level in awake behaving animals and across a large region of the retinotopic map is still largely unknown. Partially because the SC is anatomically located below the cortical sheet and the transverse sinus, it is technically difficult to measure neuronal activity from a large population of neurons in SC. To address this, we propose a tangential recording configuration using high-density electrode probes (Neuropixels) in mouse SC in vivo that permits a large number of recording sites (~200) accessibility inside the SC circuitry. This approach thereby provides a unique opportunity to measure the activity of SC neuronal populations composing up to ~2 mm of SC tissue and characterized by receptive fields covering an extended region in the visual field. Here we describe how to perform tangential recordings along the anterior-posterior and the medio-lateral axis of the mouse SC in vivo and how to combine this approach with optogenetic tools for cell-type identification on the population level.

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Retinal patterns and the cellular repertoire of neuropsin (Opn5) retinal ganglion cells

D'Souza

Swygart

Wienbar

et al. 2021

J of Comparative Neurology

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Obtaining a parts list of the sensory components of the retina is vital to understand the effects of light in behavior, health, and disease. Rods, cones, and intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are the best described photoreceptors in the mammalian retina, but recent functional roles have been proposed for retinal neuropsin (Opn5)-an atypical opsin. However, little is known about the pattern of Opn5 expression in the retina. Using cre (Opn5 cre ) and cre-dependent reporters, we uncover patterns of Opn5 expression and find that Opn5 is restricted to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Opn5-RGCs are nonhomogenously distributed through the retina, with greater densities of cells located in the dorsotemporal quadrant. In addition to the local topology of these cells, using cre-dependent AAV viral tracing, we surveyed their central targets and found that they are biased towards image-forming and image-stabilizing regions. Finally, molecular and electrophysiological profiling reveal that Opn5-RGCs comprise previously defined RGC types that respond optimally to edges and objectmotion (F-mini-ONs, HD2, HD1, LEDs, ooDSRGCs, etc.). Together, these data describe the second collection of RGCs that express atypical opsins in the mouse, and expand the roles of image-forming cells in retinal physiology and function. INTRODUCTIONRetinal ganglion cells (RGCs) comprise a diverse collection of 45 or more projection neuron types that link retinal events, such as theThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

show abstract

Natural environment statistics in the upper and lower visual field are reflected in mouse retinal specializations

Cited by 61 publications

References 110 publications

Joint representations of color and form in mouse visual cortex described by random pooling from rods and cones

Joint representations of color and form in mouse visual cortex described by random pooling from rods and cones

Tangential high-density electrode insertions allow to simultaneously measure neuronal activity across an extended region of the visual field in mouse superior colliculus

Retinal patterns and the cellular repertoire of neuropsin (Opn5) retinal ganglion cells

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