Natural-Focal Diseases in the Vladimir Region (Russia)

2020

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The research deals with the assessment of the epidemiological and epizootic situation in the Vladimir region, concerning natural focal infections in the context of agricultural activities. The retrospective analysis of statistical data on morbidity anthropozoonoses taken from the Report forms №2 “Information on infectious and parasitic diseases” FBUZ “Hygiene and Epidemiology Center in Vladimir region” of Rospotrebnadzor Department of the Vladimir region during the period of 1958 – 2016. The study of the biological material in respect of pathogen the natural focal infections were conducted in the laboratory of natural-focal and especially dangerous infections FBUZ “Hygiene and Epidemiology Center in Vladimir region” Rospotrebnadzor Department of the Vladimir region. The following natural-focal diseases have been stated to be registered as important in the context of agriculture in the Vladimir region: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), leptospirosis and tularemia. HFRS domonates in the morbidity structure. Annual laboratory tests of the biological material regarding the pathogens of natural focal infections indicate the presence of epizootics among mouse-like rodents, red vole (M. glareolus) being the dominant species among them. The ratio of HFRS male to female is approximately 3 to 1 Positive results of the laboratory studies indicate epizootic activity and constant risk of exacerbation of the epidemic situation regarding zooanthroponotic infections, and zero human morbidity during a number of years does not speak of the attenuation of the natural infection focus and the basis for stopping the preventive measures.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural focal infections as one of the risk factors for the agricultural workers health

2020

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“…Our previous research [3] has shown that air pollution is one of the principle factors in the region that negatively affects the population health, especially children. The key role in air pollution in the region is played by the vehicles, which engine emissions increased more than twice over the analyzed period from 2001 to 2015 (61,977 thousand tons in 2001 and 144,4 thousand tons in 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The formation of the population pathologies caused by the anthropogenic environmental pollution in some regions of the country approaches critical values. Air, drinking water and soil pollution are considered to be priority environmental risk factors for public health [3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated environmental and hygienic assessment of the region

2020

To determine the ecological and hygienic status of the environment and its possible impact on population health, the issue of developing a comprehensive methodology for integrated assessment of the environment condition, in particular, at the regional level, has been set. The research objective was to develop the methodology for ecological and hygienic integrated assessment of the environment and its individual indicators, and to test it at the separate regional level of the Russian Federation-theVladimirregion,primarilyregardingthehumanlifequality. TheresearchisbasedontheofficialstatisticsdatapublishedbytheVladimir region administration, “Federal hygiene and epidemiology center of the Vladimir region” for the period of 2001-2015, as well as our own research oftheregionalenvironmentcondition(qualityofair,municipalwatersupply and soil). As the research result, the statistics data of the State offices engaged in social and hygienic monitoring, as well as own environmental surveys, characterizing the quality of atmospheric air, municipal water supply and soil in residential areas were analyzed, and relatively safe and relatively unfavorable environmental areas were identified. The environmental quality analysis and the application of the integrated assessmentmethodologymadeitpossibletoranktheregionareasaccording to the ecological and hygienic well-beingrate

“…Some sources even indicate up to 22 million tons per year [1]. The increased road traffic intensity causes active soil contamination of the roadside areas (and in some cases they are agricultural lands) with heavy metals (HM), which are the most hazardous pollutants, coming from exhaust gases [2][3][4]. The ecological harm of high HM concentration is attributed by their toxic impact on soil organisms and plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological – hygienic soil assessment of the federal highway roadside areas

Selivanov

2019

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Over a half (about 54 %) of all types of anthropogenic pollution belongs to transport. Soils at roadside areas experience active pollution with heavy metals, which are the most hazardous contaminants penetrating into the soil with the exhaust gases due to the increased traffic intensity of vehicles. Hygienic assessment of heavy metals content in the roadside area soils of the Federal highway “R-22” with a total length of 798 km has been carried out in this research. The results based on soil sampling at 11 points along the entire length of the highway at the distance of 20 and 50 m from the roadbed have been assessed. Soil sampling was done in compliance with the State Standard of GOST 17.4.4.02-2017 by the envelope method from the soil horizon at the depth of 0-20 cm. HM content in soil samples was determined by the X-ray fluorescence method applying spectrometer “Spectroscan MAX-G” in compliance with the Environmental State Standards PND F 16.1.42-04. The greatest HM content was detected in the roadside area located on the black soils of spodzol, typical, southern, dark chestnut and chestnut saline soils. It testifies of the considerable soil contamination by the passing vehicles and of a real ecological harm to public health and environment. In order to reveal harmful contaminants for the population living at the roadside areas, it is recommended to organize sanitary and hygienic monitoring of soil, surface and groundwater of the roadside areas which are subject to constant HM exposure and accumulation exceeding maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) and approximate permissible amounts (APA) set by sanitary and hygienic standards.