Natural fractures in the deep Sinian carbonates of the central Sichuan Basin, China: Implications for reservoir quality

Shi, Jinxiong; Zhao, Xiangyuan; Pan, Renfang; Zeng, Lianbo; Luo, Wenjun

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2022.110829

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…For deep carbonate formations, fault-associated damage zones can effectively improve reservoir performance. Indeed, previous researchers have studied fracture frequency and fault damage zone boundaries at three scales of fracture systems-macro-, medium-, and micro-fractures-based on logs, cores, and thin sections (Wu et al, 2019;Shi et al, 2022). Numerical simulation models with reservoir fracture parameters have been used to calculate the influence range of major faults that can reach 600-2000 m, and the fracture within the influenced zone is characterized by high density (Xu et al, 2019).…”

Section: Superimposed Transformed Reservoir Bedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The characteristics of strike-slip faults and their control on hydrocarbon distribution in deep carbonate reservoirs of the central Sichuan Basin

Liang

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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The past decade has witnessed a breakthrough in the gas exploration of deep marine carbonates of the central Sichuan Basin. Deep faults research has also attracted increasing attention, as faulting plays an important role in reservoir control. Previous studies have suggested a developed series of high-angle strike-slip fault systems in the central Sichuan Basin, but correlated exploration activities are limited, as distribution rules and dynamic mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the spectral decomposition coherence method was used to describe the geometric and kinematic characteristics of these strike-slip faults. Using a comprehensive analysis technique to assess the strike-slip fault tectonic activity history, the formation and evolution processes of strike-slip faults and their control on hydrocarbon distribution were examined. The results showed that the deep strike-slip fault system, mostly distributed in the Dengying Formation, can be divided into four stages, three levels, and three groups of orientation, which controlled the structural framework and shape of the central Sichuan area, as well as the zoning from north to south, and blocking from west to east. The faults showed features of layered deformation and staged evolution in the vertical direction. The segmentation of strike-slip faults strongly controls the quality of fractured vuggy reservoirs. Reservoirs of the hard-linked zone of the strike-slip fault are the most developed, followed by those of soft-linked segments, with translational sections of the strike-slip fault being relatively undeveloped. Strike-slip faults are important hydrocarbon migration paths, and their multistage activities have different controlling effects on hydrocarbon accumulation.

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Section: Superimposed Transformed Reservoir Bedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The characteristics of strike-slip faults and their control on hydrocarbon distribution in deep carbonate reservoirs of the central Sichuan Basin

Liang

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…Carbonate reservoirs play critical roles in worldwide petroleum exploration and exploitation. − With the continuous progress of petroleum technology, deep and ultradeep hydrocarbon resources gradually become an important successor field in the world petroleum industry. − In recent years, a series of deep (depth between 4500 and 6000 m) and ultradeep (depth >6000 m) marine carbonate hydrocarbon reservoirs have been discovered in Sichuan, Tarim, and Ordos basins, showing promising petroleum potential. − Simultaneously, the effective exploration and development of deep and ultradeep carbonate reservoirs pose great challenges due to their complex distribution and significant diversity of reservoir quality. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7−10 Simultaneously, the effective exploration and development of deep and ultradeep carbonate reservoirs pose great challenges due to their complex distribution and significant diversity of reservoir quality. 8,11 Influenced by multiple diagenetic and tectonic processes within a long-term geological period, deep and ultradeep carbonate reservoirs are typically characterized by complex spatial distribution, strong heterogeneity, and abundant natural fractures. 12−15 Carbonate reservoirs are generally considered as dual permeability media with fluid flow through the matrices and natural fractures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Natural Fractures in Deep Carbonates of the Puguang Area, Sichuan Basin, China

Shi,

Zhao,

Zhang

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Understanding the types, characteristics, and controlling factors of natural fractures in deep and ultradeep carbonates is crucial for evaluating reservoir quality, optimizing well deployment, and comprehending their impact on hydrocarbon exploitation. Multiple types of natural fractures are widespread in the deep carbonates of the Feixianguan Formation in the Puguang area, northeastern Sichuan Basin, China, and the main controlling factors are complex. Based on geological, geophysical, and experimental data, this study defined fracture types and analyzed the fracture development characteristics in the deep Feixianguan carbonates. On this basis, the main geological factors that control the development and distribution of tectonic fractures were discussed by combining statistical and experimental analyses. Results indicate that natural fractures in the Feixianguan Formation can be genetically classified into tectonic and diagenetic fractures. Specifically, tectonic fractures include shear fractures and tensile fractures, in which the former are predominant. In the Feixianguan carbonates, tectonic shear fractures are mainly developed in the NE-SW and near E-W strikes, with dip angles mostly ranging from 30 to 70°. The majority of shear fractures appear on a small scale and have good effectiveness. The fracture heights and apertures are commonly less than 50 cm and 25 μm, respectively, and unfilled fractures account for more than half. The distribution and development of tectonic fractures are mainly controlled by lithology, mechanical stratigraphy, reservoir physical properties, diagenetic cementation, and faults. In the Feixianguan carbonates, tectonic fractures are more developed in crystalline dolomite. With the increasing thickness of mechanical stratigraphy, the fracture density decreases and the scale increases. The presence of early dissolution pores can prevent the formation of later tectonic fractures. Tectonic fractures in the NNW-SSE and near N-S strikes generally possess poor effectiveness due to multiple cementations after their formation. In the vicinity of faults, tectonic fractures generally stretch subparallel to the extension direction of the fault, and the development degree of fractures close to major faults is higher.

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Effect of lithofacies assemblages on multi-scale fractures in the transitional shale and its implications for shale gas exploration

Li,

He,

Deng

et al. 2024

Geoenergy Science and Engineering

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Natural fractures in the deep Sinian carbonates of the central Sichuan Basin, China: Implications for reservoir quality

Cited by 15 publications

References 65 publications

The characteristics of strike-slip faults and their control on hydrocarbon distribution in deep carbonate reservoirs of the central Sichuan Basin

The characteristics of strike-slip faults and their control on hydrocarbon distribution in deep carbonate reservoirs of the central Sichuan Basin

Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Natural Fractures in Deep Carbonates of the Puguang Area, Sichuan Basin, China

Effect of lithofacies assemblages on multi-scale fractures in the transitional shale and its implications for shale gas exploration

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