Natural Frequency Optimization of Variable-Density Additive Manufactured Lattice Structure: Theory and Experimental Validation

Cheng, Lin; Liang, Xuan; Belski, Eric; Xue, Wang; Sietins, Jennifer M.; Ludwick, Stephen J.; To, Albert C.

doi:10.1115/1.4040622

Cited by 66 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Energy absorbers [1,2,[40][41][42], Heaters and heat exchangers [23,27,[43][44][45][46], Engine hood [47], Biomedical implants [48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55], Wings [56], Gas turbine engine fan blades [57], Vibration absorber [58][59][60][61], Robotic system [62], Spacecraft and aircraft structures (i.e., fuselage, rib) [63][64][65]. In fact, in early industrial structure design, the solid material structure is mainly used because of its sufficient and other material properties.…”

Section: Latticesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Optimization of Lattice Structures: A Review

2020

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Cellular structures consist of foams, honeycombs, and lattices. Lattices have many outstanding properties over foams and honeycombs, such as lightweight, high strength, absorbing energy, and reducing vibration, which has been extensively studied and concerned. Because of excellent properties, lattice structures have been widely used in aviation, bio-engineering, automation, and other industrial fields. In particular, the application of additive manufacturing (AM) technology used for fabricating lattice structures has pushed the development of designing lattice structures to a new stage and made a breakthrough progress. By searching a large number of research literature, the primary work of this paper reviews the lattice structures. First, based on the introductions about lattices of literature, the definition and classification of lattice structures are concluded. Lattice structures are divided into two general categories in this paper: uniform and non-uniform. Second, the performance and application of lattice structures are introduced in detail. In addition, the fabricating methods of lattice structures, i.e., traditional processing and additive manufacturing, are evaluated. Third, for uniform lattice structures, the main concern during design is to develop highly functional unit cells, which in this paper is summarized as three different methods, i.e., geometric unit cell based, mathematical algorithm generated, and topology optimization. Forth, non-uniform lattice structures are reviewed from two aspects of gradient and topology optimization. These methods include Voronoi-tessellation, size gradient method (SGM), size matching and scaling (SMS), and homogenization, optimization, and construction (HOC). Finally, the future development of lattice structures is prospected from different aspects.

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Section: Latticesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Optimization of Lattice Structures: A Review

2020

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“…Another advantage of additive manufacturing is the functional grading of the lattice structures, materials, and microstructures [ 17 ]. Functionally graded structures offer part optimization and property tailoring over the part domain, such as tuning a part’s natural frequency [ 49 ] or thermal conductivity [ 50 ] while maintaining the part strength. Moderate relative density grading was found to improve the stiffness of the part significantly [ 51 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Graded Lattice Structures: Generation Framework and Mechanical Properties Characterization

Mostafa

Momesso²,

et al. 2021

Polymers

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Additive manufacturing (AM) enables the production of complex structured parts with tailored properties. Instead of manufacturing parts as fully solid, they can be infilled with lattice structures to optimize mechanical, thermal, and other functional properties. A lattice structure is formed by the repetition of a particular unit cell based on a defined pattern. The unit cell’s geometry, relative density, and size dictate the lattice structure’s properties. Where certain domains of the part require denser infill compared to other domains, the functionally graded lattice structure allows for further part optimization. This manuscript consists of two main sections. In the first section, we discussed the dual graded lattice structure (DGLS) generation framework. This framework can grade both the size and the relative density or porosity of standard and custom unit cells simultaneously as a function of the structure spatial coordinates. Popular benchmark parts from different fields were used to test the framework’s efficiency against different unit cell types and grading equations. In the second part, we investigated the effect of lattice structure dual grading on mechanical properties. It was found that combining both relative density and size grading fine-tunes the compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, absorbed energy, and fracture behavior of the lattice structure.

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“…An analysis to maximize the first eigenfrequency of the lattice structure was done by Cheng et al. 30 by considering the lattice infill as a continuum material with equivalent elastic properties obtained from asymptotic homogenization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lattice structure optimization and homogenization through finite element analyses

Vladulescu

Constantinescu

2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

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Lattice topology optimization can stimulate the design of new materials with spatially dependent properties with composite parts or three-dimensional printed components. The present work considers a mounting bracket for an industrial robotic arm as a case study, having as the main objective the increase of the fundamental frequency and secondly its mass reduction. Two design approaches were considered by using the ANSYS software: the first stage optimized the orthotropic lattice material by establishing an optimal variable cubic cell lattice density distribution in the geometric model; the second stage used a homogenized model based on the lattice optimization resulted from the previous stage and considered different volume fractions and variable density for four different types of cells. Homogenization increased the stiffness of the bracket by using the same cubic lattice cell and the fundamental frequency increased from 1227 Hz obtained with lattice optimization to 1366 Hz after homogenization. For the unoptimized bracket the fundamental frequency was only 839 Hz. The mass was reduced to more than half. The most effective proved to be the midpoint lattice cell as by homogenization the mass was reduced from 45.5 kg to 18.22 kg.

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Natural Frequency Optimization of Variable-Density Additive Manufactured Lattice Structure: Theory and Experimental Validation

Cited by 66 publications

References 64 publications

Design and Optimization of Lattice Structures: A Review

Design and Optimization of Lattice Structures: A Review

Dual Graded Lattice Structures: Generation Framework and Mechanical Properties Characterization

Lattice structure optimization and homogenization through finite element analyses

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