Natural functions of lipopeptides fromBacillusandPseudomonas: more than surfactants and antibiotics

Abstract

Lipopeptides constitute a structurally diverse group of metabolites produced by various bacterial and fungal genera. In the past decades, research on lipopeptides has been fueled by their antimicrobial, antitumour, immunosuppressant and surfactant activities. However, the natural functions of lipopeptides in the lifestyles of the producing microorganisms have received considerably less attention. The substantial structural diversity of lipopeptides suggests that these metabolites have different natural roles, some of which may be unique to the biology of the producing organism. This review gives a detailed overview of the versatile functions of lipopeptides in the biology of Pseudomonas and Bacillus species, and highlights their role in competitive interactions with coexisting organisms, including bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, protozoa, nematodes and plants. Their functions in cell motility, leading to colonization of novel habitats, and in the formation and development of highly structured biofilms are discussed in detail. Finally, this review provides an update on lipopeptide detection and discovery as well as on novel regulatory mechanisms and genes involved in lipopeptide biosynthesis in these two bacterial genera.

Insect pathogenicity in plant-beneficial pseudomonads: phylogenetic distribution and comparative genomics

“…Many strains of fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from the rhizosphere have been studied for their ability to suppress root diseases, to promote plant growth and to induce systemic resistance (Haas and Défago, 2005;Bakker et al, 2007). They harbor strain-specific arsenals of antifungal metabolites, which enable them to inhibit pathogen growth through direct antibiosis (Haas and Keel, 2003;Raaijmakers et al, 2010). All these features make fluorescent pseudomonads interesting organisms for use as biofertilizers and biopesticides in sustainable agriculture and several products have been commercialized .…”

Bioprospection of bacteria and yeasts from Atlantic Rainforest soil capable of growing in crude-glycerol residues

“…Considering the domain bacteria, it was no surprise to find isolates of the Pseudomonas and Bacillus genera, since their various species are widely recognized for metabolic versatility and ability to withstand the most extreme environments, which is why they are found in so many different ecosystems; furthermore, these bacterial genera are widely studied for a variety of anthropogenic purposes (Raaijmakers et al, 2010). Some species of Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Staphylococcus have been reported as being glycerol bioconverters (da Silva et al, 2009;Yang et al, 2012), which may help explain their ability to handle contaminants in crude glycerol.…”

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“…З літератури [7,19,20] відомо, що ліпопептиди є ефективнішими антимікробними агентами, ніж гліко-ліпіди. Це й зрозуміло, оскільки вони по суті є поліпептидними антибіотиками [6,17]. Так, наприклад, МІК ліпопептидів щодо B. subtilis становлять 10-16 мкг/ мл [19,20], у той час як рамноліпідів -до 128 мкг/мл [11].…”