Natural history of thyroid cancer suggests beginning of the overdiagnosis of juvenile thyroid cancer in the United States

Takano, Toru

doi:10.1002/cncr.32424

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…There is an ongoing debate about the underlying mechanisms that may explain this phenomenon. Some suggest it is attributable to overdiagnosis, driven by the combination of the expanding usage of imaging studies, enhanced imaging techniques, in combination with the high prevalence of indolent differentiated thyroid tumors even in the juvenile population [14], while others argue that the concurrently increased incidence of large tumors and advanced-stage disease is proof of a 'true' rise in pediatric DTC [8,15]. Suggested explanations for a true rise in children are the increased obesity prevalence and radiation exposure as a consequence of environmental radiation or after treatment for childhood cancer [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opposite Incidence Trends for Differentiated and Medullary Thyroid Cancer in Young Dutch Patients over a 30-Year Time Span

Lebbink

Broek

Kwast

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy in children. A rising incidence has been reported worldwide. Possible explanations include the increased use of enhanced imaging (leading to incidentalomas) and an increased prevalence of risk factors. We aimed to evaluate the incidence and survival trends of thyroid cancer in Dutch children, adolescents, and young adults (0–24 years) between 1990 and 2019. The age-standardized incidence rates of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC, including papillary and follicular thyroid cancer (PTC and FTC, respectively)) and medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), the average annual percentage changes (AAPC) in incidence rates, and 10-year overall survival (OS) were calculated based on data obtained from the nationwide cancer registry (Netherlands Cancer Registry). A total of 839 patients aged 0–24 years had been diagnosed with thyroid carcinoma (PTC: 594 (71%), FTC: 128 (15%), MTC: 114 (14%)) between 1990 and 2019. The incidence of PTC increased significantly over time (AAPC +3.6%; 95%CI +2.3 to +4.8), the incidence rate of FTC showed a stable trend ((AAPC −1.1%; 95%CI −3.4 to +1.1), while the incidence of MTC decreased significantly (AAPC: −4.4% (95%CI −7.3 to −1.5). The 10-year OS was 99.5% (1990–1999) and 98.6% (2000–2009) in patients with DTC and 92.4% (1990–1999) and 96.0% (2000–2009) in patients with MTC. In this nationwide study, a rising incidence of PTC and decreasing incidence of MTC were observed. For both groups, in spite of the high proportion of patients with lymph node involvement at diagnosis for DTC and the limited treatment options for MTC, 10-year OS was high.

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