Natural infection of Nesokia indica with Leishmania major and Leishmania infantum parasites in Damghan city, Northern Iran

Pourmohammadi, Behrad; Mohammadi-Azni, Sadegh; Kalantari, Mohsen

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.03.001

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The parasite species were not identified in two of the eight microscopic positive samples with applied specific primers. A similar result has been found in a survey among rodents, main reservoir hosts of ZCL in the study area (11). However, some Leishmania species other than L. major may exist and circulate between sand fly vectors and animal reservoirs in the region.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Globally, it is estimated to be the ninth cause of human infectious diseases' burden (10). The zoonotic form of the disease (ZCL) due to L. major is the most prevalent type of the CL mainly in rural areas of 17 out of 31 provinces of the country (11, 12). According to the geographical distribution and various types of reservoirs and vectors of ZCL, three epidemiological types of the disease have been classified in Iran (13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various species of rodents including Rhombomys opimus , Nesokia indica , Meriones libycus , Tatera indica , M. hurrianae , Rattus norvegicus , M. persicus , and Mus musculus have been identified as reservoir and or potential reservoir hosts of the parasite in the country (11, 14–19). Furthermore, the parasite species have recently been isolated and reported in gorillas (20) and hedgehogs in several parts of the world (21–24).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study to determine the reservoirs and vectors of Leishmania parasites in Damghan City, an endemic focus of ZCL in Iran, we accidentally encountered with a hedgehog captured in wire live trap set out for rodents in the southern part of the city, where the rodents infection with L. major parasites have been proven more recently (11). The existence of some recent reports about the infection of the hedgehogs with Leishmania parasites in other parts of the world drew our interest in assessing Leishmania spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Detection of Leishmania major in Hemiechinus auritus, A Potential Reservoir of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Damghan, Iran

Pourmohammadi

Mohammadi-Azni

2019

JAD

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Background: Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major is endemic in 17 of 31 Iranian provinces. Various species of rodents have been introduced as the main reservoirs of the disease. This study was conducted to determine the natural infection of hedgehogs with Leishmania spp. in an endemic area of the disease, northern Iran. Methods: Fifteen long-eared hedgehogs were captured alive during 18 months study period, from Apr 2015 to Sep 2016, in Damghan City, Semnan Province, Iran. The animals were identified using apparent characteristics and to determine the Leishmania infection, impression smears were prepared from their ear lobes, hind feet, livers, and spleens. Microscopic examination and semi-nested PCR were applied to determine the infection and to identify the parasites species respectively. Results: All examined animals were identified as Hemiechinus auritus (Family: Erinaceidae). In microscopic examination, 8 (53.3%) samples were shown to be infected with Leishmania parasites. The higher and lower rate of the infection was observed in the ears as well as the feet and in the liver specimens, 53.3%, and 33.3% respectively. Forty percent (6/ 15) of the samples were molecularly positive and all were identified as L. major parasites. All the examined animals in autumn and 50% of them in summer were shown to be infected with Leishmania parasites. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the natural infection of H. auritus with L. major for the first time in Damghan City and introduced these mammals as new potential reservoirs of ZCL in the study area.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Detection of Leishmania major in Hemiechinus auritus, A Potential Reservoir of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Damghan, Iran

Pourmohammadi

Mohammadi-Azni

2019

JAD

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“…In addition, Damghan is a biologically vulnerable area in terms of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis due to being home to the major resources of the disease such as rodents (26). Also, the evidence indicates an epidemic occurrence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in rural areas of Damghan in 2009, where on average more than 100 new cutaneous cases occur annually (27). Literature reviews show that the incidence of the disease is higher in the plain rural areas than urban areas (28), where 43% of health centers studied was located in such these areas in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors threatening health care facilities in disasters and emergencies

Pourmohammadi

Heydari

Fatemi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Iran is exposed to a wide variety of natural and man-made hazards. Health care facilities can play a significant role in providing lifesaving measures in the minutes and hours immediately following impact or exposure. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors threatening the preparedness of health care facilities in disasters and emergencies. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Damghan, Semnan province in 2019. The samples consist of all the eleven health care facilities which are located in Damghan County. A developed checklist including 272 questions in four sections; understanding threatening hazards, functional, structural and non-structural vulnerability of health care facilities was used to collect the data. The data were analyzed using STATA 11 software. The risk factors were determined and prioritized based on mean and total vulnerability score. Results: The results showed that the health care facilities were exposed to 22 different natural and man-made hazards throughout the county. The overall preparedness of the health care centers was 45%. The average functional, structural, and nonstructural vulnerability was assessed at 40.58%, 45.12%, and 50%, respectively. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed an average preparedness of the health care facilities in the studied area. Conducting the mitigation measures is necessary for reducing the structural and non-structural vulnerability. Disaster educational programs and exercises are recommended among the health staff in order to increase the functional capacity and enhance the preparedness in the HCFs at time of emergencies and disasters.

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Investigation of Viral, Bacterial and Parasitic Zoonotic Diseases in Rodents in Turkey

Timurkan,

Guven,

Cengiz

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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BackgroundRodents are reservoir hosts for zoonotic pathogens that cause tropical diseases, many of which have been overlooked.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the presence of viral lymphocytic choriomeningitis and hantavirus infections, bacterial tularaemia and leptospirosis, and parasitic leishmaniasis and toxoplasmosis in rodents that are likely to carry and spread zoonotic agents, by using molecular methods.MethodsA total of 498 voles collected from 20 counties of Erzurum province. Conventional PCR was used for pathogen search. PCR‐positive samples were subjected to sequence analysis.ResultsHantavirus (4.8%, 24/498) and tularaemia (0.8%, 4/498) positivity were detected. However, no positivity was detected for other selected pathogens.ConclusionsRodents, which are pathogen carriers and potential risk factors, are thought to may act as reservoirs for hantavirus and tularaemia in the study area. A preliminary study has been carried out at the point of detection of these diseases of global importance. The extent of the distribution of the infections, alternative hosts and the consequences of human exposure needs to be clarified through further studies.

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Natural infection of Nesokia indica with Leishmania major and Leishmania infantum parasites in Damghan city, Northern Iran

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Molecular Detection of Leishmania major in Hemiechinus auritus, A Potential Reservoir of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Damghan, Iran

Molecular Detection of Leishmania major in Hemiechinus auritus, A Potential Reservoir of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Damghan, Iran

Risk factors threatening health care facilities in disasters and emergencies

Investigation of Viral, Bacterial and Parasitic Zoonotic Diseases in Rodents in Turkey

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